Carteolol incorporated into FAT-MLV liposomes: prolonged and decreased reduction of IOP

Abstract

Liposomes are used as carriers providing a prolonged and improved drug action. They are capable of trapping β-blockers such as Carteolol. In a randomized prospective double-blind clinical trial, Carteolol 2% suspended with frozen and thawed multivesicular large vesicles (FAT-MLV), FAT-MLV, and Carteolol 2% were applied to normal (slightly cataracteous) eyes and immediately after extracapsular cataract extraction or phakoemulsiflcation with implantation of a posterior chamber lens in a standard procedure. Twenty-five patients were included in each group. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured for 3 days using applanation tonometry. In the normal eyes, a significant reduction of IOP was found for the patients receiving Carteolol and Carteolol MLV suspension. Moreover, an improved action and a prolongation of drug action was registered in the Carteolol/MLV group as compared to Carteolol treatment alone. After cataract operation, the control groups showed a significant increase in IOP. Carteolol produced a constant level of IOP but the Carteolol/MLV suspension showed a stronger decrease after ECCE and a still stronger decrease after phakoemulsification. Hence, Carteolol is suitable for the reduction of IOP but a Carteolol/MLV suspension is more effective, providing the possibility of a single application of a low-dose β-blocker after cataract extraction with posterior chamber lens implantation.