Abstract
Fluctuations in the angle-of-arrival of a luminous wavefront are investigated by placing a narrow slit over the image of the solar limb, and observing the entrance pupil through this diaphragm. Measurement of the standard deviation σ AA of these fluctuations, in a direction perpendicular to the solar limb, provides sufficient information to estimate an absolute parameter characterizing the seeing, i.e. Fried's parameter r 0 or the equivalent parameter ∫ L C N 2(h) dh which gives the integral, over an atmosphere thickness L which depends on the spatial and angular filterings performed by the slit, of the structure constant C 2N characterizing fluctuations in the air's refractive index. Simultaneous estimations of σ 2 AA and ∫ L C 2 N (h) dh permit a linear relationship to be established between these two quantities. The result is interpreted theoretically by integration of the two-dimensional power spectrum for the angle-of-arrival fluctuations. The influence of filtering effects is discussed.
Such a calibration can be performed for a given telescope and slit, enabling the system to be used as a seeing monitor.
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Borgnino, J., Vernin, J., Aime, C. et al. A study of the degradation of daytime astronomical images due to turbulence in the lower atmosphere by measurement of the standard deviation of the angle of arrival. Sol Phys 64, 403–415 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00151449
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00151449