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Polar faculae and sunspot cycles

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Abstract

The monthly number of polar faculae of the Sun were determined from white-light images at spectral band λ(eff) = (4100 ± 200) Å obtained at the Kislovodsk Solar Station during 1960–1994. Corrected monthly numbers were obtained with the help of the visibility function. The level of polar activity larger than 1σ above the monthly running mean was calculated, and the relation between the polar faculae and sunspot cycle was studied. We confirmed earlier results (Makarov and Makarova, 1987) that the monthly number of polar faculae, NPF m (t) correlates with the monthly sunspot area A m (Sp)(t + T) with a time shift T ≈ 6 yr. The new polar faculae cycle began in the middle of 1991. Peculiarities of the first part of sunspot cycle 23 are discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kislovodsk Station of the Pulkovo Observatory, P.O. Box 145, 357700, Kislovodsk, Russia

    V. I. Makarov & V. V. Makarova

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  1. V. I. Makarov
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  2. V. V. Makarova
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Guest scientist with the University of Arizona and Zetetic Institute. Tucson, Arizona 85719, U.S.A.

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Makarov, V.I., Makarova, V.V. Polar faculae and sunspot cycles. Sol Phys 163, 267–289 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00148001

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00148001

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