Abstract
Cuttings of pea (Pisum sativum L. cv Marma) were treated with 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC). This treatment caused increased ethylene production and reduction of root formation. The effect of 0.1 mM ACC on the level of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the rooting zone and in the shoot apex was analyzed by gas chromatography-single ion monitoring mass spectrometry or by high pressure liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection (HPLC). Concentrations of indole-3-acetylaspartic acid (IAAsp) in the stem bases were also determined using HPLC. The ACC treatment had little effect on the IAA level in the base measured after 24 h, but caused a considerable decrease during the 3 following days. IAAsp increased in the base on days 1, 2 and 3 and then declined. The build up of IAAsp in the base was not affected by ACC during the first two days of the treatment, but later this conjugate decreased more rapidly than in controls. No effect of the ACC treatment was found on the level of IAA in the apex. IAA (1 µM) applied to the cuttings during 24 h reduced the number of roots formed. The possibility that IAA-induced ethylene is involved in this response was investigated.
Our results support earlier evidence that the inhibitory effect of ethylene on rooting in pea cuttings is due to decreased IAA levels in the rooting zone. The inhibitory effect of applied IAA is obtained if the internal IAA level is maintained high during the first 24 h, whereas stimulation of rooting occurs if the internal IAA level remains high during an extended period of time. Our results do not support the suggestion that ethylene mediates the inhibitory effect of applied IAA.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abeles FB (1973) Ethylene in Plant Biology. Academic Press, New York. ISBN 0-12-041450-3
Bertell G and Eliasson L (1992) Cytokinin effects on root growth and possible interactions with ethylene and indole-3-acetic acid. Physiol Plant 84: 255–261
Beyer EM Jr (1976) A potent inhibitor of ethylene action in plants. Plant Physiol 58: 268–271
Beyer EM Jr and Morgan PW (1970) Effect of ethylene on the uptake, distribution and metabolism of indoleacetic acid-I-14C and 2−14C and naphthalenic acid-I-−14C. Plant Physiol 46: 157–162
Coleman WK, Huxter TJ, Reid DM and Thorpe TA (1980) Ethylene as an endogenous inhibitor of root regeneration in tomato leaf discs cultured in vitro. Physiol Plant 48: 519–525
Eliasson L (1981) Factors affecting the inhibitory effect of indolylacetic acid on root formation in pea cuttings. Physiol Plant 51: 23–26
Eliasson L and Areblad K (1984) Auxin effects on rooting in pea cuttings. Physiol Plant 61: 293–297
Eliasson L and Nordström A-C (1985) Interactions between light, gibberellic acid, auxins and catechol in regulation of number of adventitious roots in pea stem cuttings. Acta Univ Agric (Brno) Fac Agron No 3 p 413–416
Ernest LC and Valdovinos JG (1971) Regulation of auxin levels in Coleus blumei by ethylene. Plant Physiol 48: 402–406
Geneve RL and Heuser CW (1982) The effect of IAA, IBA, NAA and 2,4-D on root promotion and ethylene evolution in Vigna radiata cuttings. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 107: 202–205
James DJ (1983) Adventitious root formation ‘in vitro’ in apple rootstocks (Malus pumila). I Factors affecting the length of the auxin-sensitive phase in M.9. Physiol Plant 57: 149–153
Jusaitis M (1986) Rooting respons of mung bean cuttings to 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid and inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis. Sci Hortic 29: 77–85
Krishnamoorthy HN (1970) Promotion of rooting in mung bean hypocotyl cuttings with ethrel, an ethylene releasing compound. Plant Cell Physiol 11: 979–982
Lieberman M and Knegt E (1977) Influence of ethylene on indole-3-acetic acid concentration in etiolated pea epicotyl tissue. Plant Physiol 60: 475–477
Liu J, Mukherjee I and Reid DM (1990) Adventitious rooting in hypocotyls of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings. III The role of ethylene. Physiol Plant 78: 268–276
Mudge KW (1988) Effect of ethylene on rooting. In Adventitious Root Formation in Cuttings, (TD Davis, BE Haissig and N Sankhla eds). Dioscorides Press, Portland, Oregon. ISBN 0-931146-10-0
Mudge KW & Swanson BT (1978) Effect of ethephon, indolebutyric acid and treatment solution pH on rooting and on ethylene levels within mung bean cuttings. Plant Physiol 61: 271–273
Mullins MGT (1972) Auxin and ethylene in adventitious root formation in Phaseolus aureus (Roxb.). Plant Growth Substances 1970 (D.J. Carr, ed)
Nordström A-C and Eliasson L (1984) Regulation of root formation by auxin-ethylene interaction in pea stem cuttings. Physiol Plant 61: 298–302
Nordström A-C and Eliasson L (1991) Levels of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-acetylaspartic acid during adventitious root formation in pea cuttings. Physiol Plant 82: 499–605
Nordström A-C, Alvarado Jacobs F and Eliasson L (1991) Effect of exogenous indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid on internal levels of the respective auxin and their conjugation with aspartic acid during adventitious root formation in pea cuttings. Plant Physiol 96: 856–861
Riov J and Yang SF (1989) Ethylene and auxin-ethylene interaction in adventitious root formation in mung bean (Vigna radiata) cuttings. J Plant Growth Regul 8: 131–141
Sagee O, Riov J and Goren R (1990) Ethylene-enhanced catabolism of (14C)indole-3-acetic acid to indole-3-carboxylic acid in citrus leaf tissues. Plant Physiol 91: 54–60
Schlenk H and Gellerman JL (1960) Esterification of fatty acids with diazomethane on a small scale. Anal Chem 32: 1412–1414
Smith DR and Thorpe TA (1975) Root initiation in cuttings of Pinus radiata. II. Growth regulator interactions. J Exp Bot 26: 192–202
Soekarjo R (1965) On the formation of adventitious roots in cuttings of Coleus in relation to the effect of indoleacetic acid on the epinastic curvature of isolated petiols. Acta Bot Need 14: 373–399
Suttle JC (1988) Effect of ethylene treatment on polar IAA transport, net IAA uptake and specific binding of N-1Naphthylphthalamic acid in tissues and microsomes isolated from etiolated pea epicotyls. Plant Physiol 88: 795–799
Zimmerman PW and Hitchcock AE (1933) Initiation and stimulation of adventitious roots caused by unsaturated hydrocarbon gases. Contr Boyce Thompson Inst 3: 361–369
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nordström, A.C., Eliasson, L. Interaction of ethylene with indole-3-acetic acid in regulation of rooting in pea cuttings. Plant Growth Regul 12, 83–90 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00144587
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00144587