Abstract
We estimate the feedback of sea-ice change to the warming from CO2-doubling according to the simulation of Washington and Meehl (1984). Without ice-snow albedo feedback, their global warming of 3.5 °C would have been 2.2. °C according to our estimate of the ice-snow feedback. About 80% of the albedo change from ice and snow occurred in the Southern Hemisphere. Whether this change was an overestimate will require further study.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hansen, J., Lacis, A., Rind, D., Russell, G., Stone, P., Fung, I., Ruedy, R., and Lerner, J.: 1984, ‘Climate Sensitivity: Analysis of Feedback Mechanisms’, in J. E. Hansen and T. Takahashi (eds.), Climate Processes and Climate Sensitivity, Maurice Ewing Series 5, 368 pp., American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC.
Manabe, S. and Stouffer, R. J.: 1980, ‘Sensitivity of a Global Climate Model to an Increase of CO2 Concentration in the Atmosphere’, J. Geophys. Res. 85, 5529–5554.
Manabe, S. and Wetherald, R. T.: 1967, ‘Thermal Equilibrium of the Atmosphere with a Given Distribution of Relative Humidity’, J. Atmos. Sci. 24, 241–259.
Manabe, S. and Wetherald, R. T.: 1986, ‘Reduction in Summer Soil Wetness Induced by an Increase in Atmospheric Carbon Dixoide’, Science 232, 626–628.
Ramanathan, V. and Coakley, J. A., Jr.: 1978, ‘Climate Modeling Through Radiative-Convective Models’, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 16, 465–489.
Robock, A.: 1983, ‘Ice and Snow Feedbacks and the Latitudinal and Seasonal Distribution of Climate Sensitivity’, J. Atmos. Sci. 40, 986–997.
Washington, W. M. and Meehl, G. A.: 1984, ‘Seasonal Cycle Experiment on the Climate Sensitivity Due to a Doubling of CO2 with an Atmospheric General Circulation Model Coupled to a Simple Mixed Layer Ocean Model’, J. Geophys. Res. 89, 9475–9503.
Washington, W. M. and Meehl, G. A.: 1986, ‘General Circulation Model CO2 Sensitivity Experiments: Snow-sea Ice Albedo Parameterizations and Globally Averaged Surface Air Temperature’, Climatic Change 8, 231–241.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dickinson, R.E., Meehl, G.A. & Washington, W.M. Ice-albedo feedback in a CO2-doubling simulation. Climatic Change 10, 241–248 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00143904
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00143904