Skip to main content
Log in

The influence of anisotropy on stress estimation by the indirect dissipation method

  • Published:
Boundary-Layer Meteorology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A comparison of observations by different authors reveals that systematic differences exist between momentum fluxes measured directly, and momentum fluxes determined indirectly by the ‘dissipation method’. This discrepancy is attributed to systematic errors due to the indirect determination of energy dissipation from the presumed inertial subrange spectrum of the horizontal wind component. The discrepancy increases with increasing ‘degree of anisotropy’, indicated by the ratio (vertical wind spectrum): (horizontal wind spectrum) deviating from % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4baFfea0dXde9vqpa0lb9% cq0dXdb9IqFHe9FjuP0-iq0dXdbba9pe0lb9hs0dXda91qaq-xfr-x% fj-hmeGabaqaciGacaGaaeqabaWaaeaaeaaakeaadaWcaaqaaiaais% daaeaacaaIZaaaaaaa!33E6!\[\frac{4}{3}\]

The results support a value of 0.48 for Kolmogoroff's constant.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alkseev, V. G. and Yaglom, A. M.: 1967, ‘Examples of the Comparison of Unidimensional and Three-Dimensional Velocity and Temperature Spectra’, Izv. Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (English Transl.), 3, 524–527.

    Google Scholar 

  • Champagne, F. H., Friehe, C. A., LaRue, J. C., and Wyngaard, J. C.: 1977, ‘Flux Measurements, Flux Estimation Techniques, and Fine-Scale Turbulence Measurements in the Unstable Surface Layer over Land’, J. Atmosph. Sci. 34, 515–530.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clancy, M. P.: 1970, ‘Sea Surface Wind Stress: Theoretical Calculations compared with Direct Measurements’, Geophys. Sci. Lab. TR-70-6.

  • Dittmer, K.: 1977, ‘The Hydrodynamic Roughness of the Sea Surface at Low Wind Speeds’, Meteor-Forsch.-Ergebn. B 12, 10–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunckel, M., Hasse, L., Krügermeyer, L., Schriever, D., and Wucknitz, J.: 1974, ‘Turbulent Fluxes of Momentum, Heat and Water Vapor in the Atmospheric Surface Layer at Sea during ATEX’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 6, 81–106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyer, A. J.: 1974, ‘A Review of Flux-Profile Relationships’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 7, 363–372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frenzen, P.: 1977, ‘A Generalization of the Kolmogoroff-von Kármán Relationship and Some Further Implications on the Values of the Constants’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 11, 375–380.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garratt, J. R.: 1972, ‘Studies of Turbulence in the Surface Layer Over Water (Lough Neagh). Part II: Production and Dissipation of Velocity and Temperature Fluctuations’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 98, 642–657.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gifford, F.: 1959, ‘The Interpretation of Meteorological Spectra and Correlations’, J. Meteorol. 16, 344–346.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hinze, J. O.: 1959, Turbulence, New York, McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaimal, J. C., Wyngaard, J. C., Izumi, Y., and Coté, O. R.: 1972, ‘Spectral Characteristics of Surface-Layer Turbulence’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol Soc., 98, 563–589.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krügermeyer, L., Grünewald, M., and Dunckel, M.: 1978, ‘The Influence of Sea Waves on the Wind Profile’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 14, 403–414.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lumley, J. L. and Panofsky, H. A.: 1964, The Struture of Atmospheric Turbulence, John Wiley & Sons, New York, London, Sydney.

    Google Scholar 

  • McBean, G. A. and Elliott, A.: 1975, ‘The Vertical Transports of Kinetic Energy by Turbulence and Pressure in the Boundary Layer’, J. Atmosph. Sci. 32, 753–766.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyake, M., Donelan, M., McBean, G. A., Paulson, C. A., Badgley, F., and Leavitt, E.: 1970 a, ‘Comparison of Turbulent Fluxes Over Water determined by Profile and Eddy Correlation Technique’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 96, 132–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyake, M., Stewart, R. W., and Burling, R. W.: 1970 b, ‘Spectra and Cospectra of Turbulence Over Water’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 96, 138–143.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monin, A. S. and Yaglom, A. M.: 1975, Statistical Fluid Mechanics, Vol. II, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., and London, England. Ed. by J. L., Lumley, English Translation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nasmyth, P.: 1970, Oceanic Turbulence, Ph.D.Thesis, University of British Columbia.

  • Paquin, J. E. and Pond, S.: 1971, ‘The Determination of the Kolmogoroff Constants for Velocity, Temperature and Humidity Fluctuations from Second- and Third-Order Structure Functions’, J. Fluid Mech. 50, 257–269.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pond, S., Stewart, R. W., and Burling, R. W.: 1963, ‘Turbulence Spectra in the Wind Over Waves’, J. Atmosph. Sci. 20, 319–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pond, S., Phelps, G. T., Paquin, J. E., McBean, G. A., and Stewart, R. W.: 1971, ‘Measurements of the Turbulent Fluxes of Momentum, Moisture and Sensible Heat Over the Ocean’, J. Atmosph. Sci. 28, 901–917.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, S. D.: 1970, ‘Thrust-Anemometer Measurements of Wind Turbulence, Reynolds Stress and Drag Coefficient over the Sea’, J. Geophys. Res. 75, 6758–6770.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiler, H. S. and Burling, R. W.: 1967, ‘Direct Measurements of Stress and Spectra of Turbulence in the Boundary Layer Over the Sea’, J. Atmosph. Sci. 24, 653–664.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wucknitz, J.: 1976, ‘Determination of Turbulent Fluxes of Momentum and Sensible Heat from Fluctuation Measurements and the Structure of Wind Field over Waves above the Tropical Atlantic during ATEX’, ‘Meteor’- Forsch.-Ergebn. B 11, 25–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wyngaard, J. C. and Coté, O. R.: 1971, ‘The Budgets of Turbulent Kinetic Energy and Temperature Variance in the Atmospheric Surface Layer’, J. Atmosph. Sci. 28, 190–201.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Wucknitz, J. The influence of anisotropy on stress estimation by the indirect dissipation method. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 17, 119–131 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00121940

Download citation

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00121940

Keywords

Navigation