Abstract
Eddy correlation measurements were made of fluxes of moisture, heat and momentum at a tallgrass prairie site near Manhattan, Kansas, U.S.A. during the First ISLSCPFootnote 1 Field Experiment (FIFE) in 1987. The study site is dominated by three C4 grass species: big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii), indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). The stomatal conductance and leaf water potential of these grass species were also measured.
In this paper, daily and seasonal variations in the components of the surface energy balance are examined. The aerodynamic and canopy surface conductances for the prairie vegetation are also evaluated.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
ISLSCP: International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (for details, see Sellers et al., 1988).
References
Anderson, D. E.: 1983, ‘Turbulent Exchange of Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor, Heat and Momentum over Crop Surfaces’, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Nebraska, Lincoln.
Baldocchi, D. D.: 1982, ‘Mass and Energy Exchanges of Soybeans: Microclimate-Plant Architectural Interactions’, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Nebraska, Lincoln.
Jarvis, P. G.: 1981, ‘Stomatal Conductance, Gaseous Exchange, and Transpiration’, in J. Grace, E. D. Ford, and P. G. Jarvis (eds.), Plants and Their Atmospheric Environment, pp. 175–204, Blackwell Scientific, Oxford.
Jarvis, P. G., James, G. B., and Landsberg, J. J.: 1976, ‘Coniferous Forest’, in J. L. Monteith (ed.), Vegetation and the Atmosphere. Vol. 2, Case Studies, pp. 171–240, Academic Press, New York, 439 pp.
Kaimal, J. C.: 1975, ‘Sensors and Techniques for Direct Measurement of Turbulent Fluxes and Profiles in the Atmospheric Surface Layer’, Atmospheric Technology 7, 7–14. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado.
Kanemasu, E. T., Wesely, M. L., Hicks, B. B., and Heilman, J. L.: 1979, ‘Techniques for Calculating Energy and Mass Fluxes’, in B. J. Barfield and J. F. Gerber (eds.), Modification of the Aerial Environment, pp. 156–182, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, Michigan.
Kim, J., Verma, S. B., and Rosenberg, N. J.: 1989, ‘Energy Balance and Water Use of Cereal Crops’, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 48, 135–147.
Kimball, B. A., Jackson, R. D., Nakayama, F. S., Idso, S. B., and Reginato, R. J.: 1976, ‘Soil Heat Flux Determination: Temperature Gradient Method with Computed Thermal Conductivities’, Soil Science Society of America Journal 40, 25–28.
Knapp, A. K.: 1984, ‘Water Relations and Growth of Three Grasses during Wet and Drought Years in a Tallgrass Prairie’, Oecologia 65, 35–43.
McNaughton, K. G. and Jarvis, P. G.: 1983, ‘Predicting Effects of Vegetation Changes on Transpiration and Evaporation’, Water Deficits and Plant Growth, Vol. VII, pp. 1–47.
Monteith, J. L.: 1965, ‘Evaporation and Environment’, in G. E. Fogg (ed.), The State and Movement of Water in Living Organisms, Academic Press, New York, pp. 205–234.
Monteith, J. L.: 1981, ‘Evaporation and Surface Temperature’, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 107, 1–27.
Moore, C. J.: 1986, ‘Frequency Response Corrections for Eddy Correlation Systems’, Boundary-Layer Meteorology 37, 17–35.
Owensby, C. E.: 1973, ‘Modified Step-Point System for Botanical Composition and Basal Cover Estimates’, Journal of Range Management 26, 302–303.
Paw U, K. T. and Gao, W.: 1988, ‘Applications of Solutions to Nonlinear Energy Budget Equations’, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 43, 121–145.
Philip, J. R.: 1961, ‘The Theory of Heat Flux Meters’, Journal of Geophysical Research 66, 571–579.
Ripley, E. A.: 1974, ‘Matador Project. Micrometeorology: VIII. The Seasonal and Diurnal Variation of Evapotranspiration 1970–1971’, Technical Report No. 45. University of Saskatchewan and The National Research Council of Canada.
Sellers, P. J. Hall, F. G., Asrar, G., Strebel, D. E., and Murphy, R. E.: 1988, ‘The First ISLSCP Field Experiment (FIFE)’, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 69, 22–27.
Stewart, J. B.: 1983, ‘A Discussion of the Relationships between the Principal Forms of the Combination Equation for Estimating Crop Evaporation’, Agricultural Meteorology 30, 111–127.
Stewart, J. B. and Thom, A. S.: 1973, ‘Energy Budget in Pine Forest’, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 99, 154–170.
Thom, A. S.: 1972, ‘Momentum, Mass, and Heat Exchange of Vegetation’, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 98, 124–134.
Verma, S. B., Baldocchi, D. D., Anderson, D. E., Matt, D. R., and Clement, R. J.: 1986, ‘Eddy Fluxes of CO2, Water Vapor and Sensible Heat over a Deciduous Forest’, Boundary-Layer Meteorology 36, 71–91.
Verma, S. B., Kim, J., and Clement, R. J.: 1989, ‘Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor and Sensible Heat Fluxes over a Tallgrass Prairie’, Boundary-Layer Meteorology 46, 53–67.
Webb, E. K., Pearman, G. I., and Leuning, R.: 1980, ‘Correction of Flux Measurements for Density Effects due to Heat and Water Vapor Transfer’, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 106, 85–100.
Wesely, M. L.: 1970, ‘Eddy Correlation Measurements in the Atmospheric Surface Layer over Agricultural Crops’, Dissertation, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Wesely, M. L. and Hicks, B. B.: 1977, ‘Some Factors that Affect the Deposition Rates of Sulfur Dioxide and Similar Gases on Vegetation’, Journal of Air Pollution Control Association 27, 1110–1115.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Published as Paper No. 8987, Journal Series, Nebraska Agricultural Research Division.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, J., Verma, S.B. Components of surface energy balance in a temperate grassland ecosystem. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 51, 401–417 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00119676
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00119676