The physical properties of ages zirconia ceramic hip joint heads were analysed, using four zirconia heads retrieved after an implantation time of two to three years. The mechanical properties of the zirconia ceramic and the surface characteristics of the heads, i.e. roughness, microstructure, etc., were compared to those of heads before implantation. No significant change in these properties was observed after two to three years in humans. Nor was calcium phosphate observed to form on the heads.
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Cales, B., Stefani, Y. Mechanical properties and surface analysis of retrieved zirconia hip joint heads after an implantation time of two to three years. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 5, 376–380 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00058967
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00058967