Bell, R. P., 1966, The reversible hydration of carbonyl compounds, in V.Gold (ed.),Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry, vol. 4, Academic Press, London, pp. 1–29.
Google Scholar
Bell, R. P., Evans, F. R. S., and Evans, P. G., 1966, Kinetics of the dehydration of methylene glycol in aqueous solution,Proc. Roy. Soc. A.
291, 297–323.
Google Scholar
Bordwell, F. G., 1963,Organic Chemistry, Macmillan, New York.
Google Scholar
Boyce, S. D. and Hoffmann, M. R., 1984. Kinetics and mechanism of the formation of hydroxy-methanesulfonic acid at low pH,J. Phys. Chem., in press.
Buschmann, H. J., Fulderner, H. H., and Knoche, W., 1980, The reversible hydration of carbonyl compounds in aqueous solution. Part I, the ketol gem-diol equilibrium,Ber. Bunsenges Phys. Chem.
84, 41–44.
Google Scholar
California Air Resources Board (CARB), 1982,Emissions Inventory, California Air Resources Board, Sacramento, California.
Google Scholar
Calvert, J. G. and Pitts, J. N. Jr., 1966,Photochemistry, John Wiley, New York.
Google Scholar
Calvert, J. G., 1980, The homogeneous chemistry of formaldehyde generation and destruction within the atmosphere, inProceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Atmospheric Ozone: Its Variation and Human Influences, Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, D.C., pp. 153–190.
Chameides, W. L. and Davis, D. D., 1983. Aqueous-phase source of formic acid in clouds,Nature
304, 427–429.
Google Scholar
Cleveland, W. S., Graedel, T. E., and Kleiner, B., 1977, Urban formaldehyde: Observed correlation with source emissions and photochemistry,Atmos. Environ.
11, 357–360.
Google Scholar
Dasgupta, P. K., DeCesare, K., and Ullrey, J. C., 1980, Determination of atmospheric sulfur dioxide without tetrachlormercurate(II) and the mechanism of the Schiff Reactions,Anal. Chem.
52, 1912–1922.
Google Scholar
Demerjian, K. L., Kerr, J. A., and Calvert, J. G., 1974, The mechanism of photochemical smog formation,Adv. Environ. Sci. Technol.
4, 1–262.
Google Scholar
Eatough, D. J. and Hansen, L. D., 1983, Organic and inorganic S(IV) compounds in airborne particulate matter,Adv. Environ. Sci. Technol.
12, 221–268.
Google Scholar
Fortune, C. R. and Dellinger, B., 1982, Stabilization and analysis of S(IV) aerosols in environmental samples,Environ. Sci. Tech.
16, 62–66.
Google Scholar
Grosjean, D., 1982, Formaldehyde and other carbonyls in Los Angeles ambient air,Environ. Sci. Technol.
16, 254–262.
Google Scholar
Grosjean, D. and Wright, B., 1983, Carbonyls in urban fog, ice fog, cloudwater and rainwater,Atmos. Environ.
17, 2093–2096.
Google Scholar
Hering, S. V. and Blumenthal, D. L., 1983, Field comparison of fog/cloud water collectors: Preliminary results,Proc. APCA Specialty Conference on the Meteorology of Acid Deposition, Hartford, Connecticut, October, 1983.
Hoffmann, M. R. and Boyce, S. D., 1983, Catalytic autoxidation of aqueous sulfur dioxide in relationship to atmospheric systems,Adv. Environ. Sci. Technol.
12, 149–189.
Google Scholar
Humphrey, R. E., Ward, M. H., and Hinze, W., 1970, Spectrophotometric determination of sulfite with 4,4-Dithiopyridine and 5,5′-Dithiobis (2-Nitrobenzoic acid),Anal. Chem.
42, 698–702.
Google Scholar
Izatt, R. M., Eatough, D. J., Lee, M. L., Major, T., Richter, B. E., Hansen, L. D., Meisenheimer, R. G., and Fischer, J. W., 1978, The formation of inorganic and organic S(IV) species in aerosols,Proc. 4th Joint Conf. on Sensing Environ. Pollutants, Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington, D.C., pp. 821–824.
Jacob, D. J. and Hoffmann, M. R., 1983, A dynamic model for the production of H+, NO3
−, and SO4
2− in urban fog,J. Geophys. Res.
88C, 6611–6621.
Google Scholar
Jacob, D. J., Wang, R-F. T., and Flagan, R. C., 1984, Fogwater collector design and characterization,Environ. Sci. Technol., in press.
Jacob, D. J., Waldman, J. M., Munger, J. W., and Hoffmann, M. R., 1984, A field investigation of physical and chemical mechanisms affecting pollutant concentrations in fog droplets,Tellus, in press.
Klippel, W. and Warneck, P., 1978, Formaldehyde in rain water and on the atmospheric aerosol,Geophys. Res. Lett.
5, 177–179.
Google Scholar
Klippel, W. and Warneck, 1980, The formaldehyde content of the atmospheric aerosol,Atmos. Environ.
14, 809–818.
Google Scholar
Ledbury, W. and Blair, E. W., 1925, The partial formaldehyde vapour pressure of aqueous solutions of formaldehyde. Part II.J. Am. Chem. Soc.
127, 2832–2839.
Google Scholar
McArdle, J. V. and Hoffmann, M. R., 1983, Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of aquated sulfur dioxide by hydrogen peroxide at low pH,J. Phys. Chem.
87, 5425–5429.
Google Scholar
Munger, J. W., Jacob, D. J., Waldman, J. M., and Hoffmann, M. R., 1983, Fogwater chemistry in an urban atmosphere,J. Geophys. Res.
88, 5109–5121.
Google Scholar
Nash, T., 1953, The colorimetric estimation of formaldehyde by means of the Hantzsch Reaction,Biochem. J.
55, 416–421.
Google Scholar
National Research Council (NRC), 1981,Formaldehyde and Other Aldehydes, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
Google Scholar
Niki, H., Maker, P. D., Savage, C. M., and Breitenbach, L. P., 1978, Mechanism for hydroxyl radical initiated oxidation of olefin-nitric oxide mixtures in parts per million concentrations,J. Phys. Chem.
82, 135–137.
Google Scholar
Reible, D. D., Shair, F. H., Smith, T. B., Lehrman, D. E., 1983, The origin and fates of air pollutants in California's San Joaquin Valley I. Winter.Atmos. Environ., in press.
Reitz, E. B., 1980, The stabilization of small concentrations of formaldehyde in aqueous solutions,Anal. Lett.
13, 1073–1084.
Google Scholar
Richards, L. W., Anderson, J. A., Blumenthal, D. L., McDonald, J. A., Kok, G. L., and Lazrus, A. L., 1983, Hydrogen peroxide and sulfur(IV) in Los Angeles cloudwater,Atmos. Environ.
17, 911–914.
Google Scholar
Roberts, J. D., Stewart, R., and Caserio, M. C., 1971,Organic Chemistry, W.A. Benjamin, Menlo Park, CA.
Google Scholar
Sillén, G. L. and Martell, A. E., 1964,Stability Constants of Metal-ion Complexes, special publication No. 17, Chemical Society, London.
Google Scholar
Smith, R. H., 1978, Rate constant and activation energy for the gaseous reaction between hydroxyl and formaldehyde,Int. J. Chem. Kinet.
10, 519–528.
Google Scholar
Smith, R. V. and Erhardt, P. W., 1975, Nash determination for formaldehyde in the presence of bisulfite,Anal. Chem.
47, 2462–2454.
Google Scholar
Sørensen, P. E. and Andersen, V. S., 1970, The formaldehyde-hydrogen sulphite system in alkaline aqueous solution. Kinetics, mechanisms, and equilibria,Acta Chem. Scand.
24, 1301–1306.
Google Scholar
Su, F., Calvert, J. G., and Shaw, J. H., 1979, Mechanism of the photooxidation of gaseous formaldehyde,J. Phys. Chem.
83, 3185–3191.
Google Scholar
Stewart, T. D. and Donnally, L. H., 1932, The aldehyde bisulfite compounds II. The effect of varying hydrogen ion and of varying temperature upon the equilibrium between benzaldehyde and bisulfite ion.J. Am. Chem. Soc.
54, 3555–3558.
Google Scholar
Waldman, J. M., Munger, J. W., Jacob, D. J., Flagan, R. C., Morgan, J. J., and Hoffmann, M. R., 1982, Chemical composition of acid fog.,Science
218, 677–680.
Google Scholar
Zafiriou, O. C., Alford, J., Herrera, M., Peltzer, E. T., and Gagosian, R. B., 1980, Formaldehyde in remote marine air and rain: Flux measurements and estimates,Geophys. Res. Lett.
5, 341–344.
Google Scholar