Effects of ketanserin tartrate on 3-hydroxy, 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase activity in cultured human skin fibroblasts

Summary

Ketanserin tartrate (ketanserin) is a new antihypertensive drug that is a selective 5HT₂ serotonergic receptor antagonist and at high concentrations antagonizes the alpha₁-adrenergic receptor. Several reports have indicated that ketanserin clinically decreases plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. In order to clarify the mechanisms of this LDL cholesterol reduction by ketanserin, we investigated the effects of ketanserin on 3-hydroxy, 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A(HMG CoA) reductase activity to cultured human skin fibroblasts. We also studied the effects of ritanserin (a 5HT₂ serotonergic receptor antagonist) and prazosin HCl (an alpha₁-adrenergic receptor antagonist) on HMG CoA reductase activity in cultured human skin fibroblasts. Human skin fibroblasts were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's (DME) medium containing 10% fetal calf serum. Before the cells reached confluence, the medium was changed to DME containing 10% lipoprotein-deficient serum. After incubation for 48–72 hours, the drugs under investigation were added to the medium. The cells were incubated for 14 hours and harvested after washing with phosphate buffered saline. In our study, ketanserin decreased HMG CoA reductase activity in a dose-dependent manner up to 300 ng/ml (550 nM). Prazosin also decreased HMG CoA reductase activity in a dose-dependent manner up to 40 ng/ml (95 nM); ritanserin decreased HMG CoA reductase activity at concentrations of 100 nM and 200 nM. These findings suggest that the combination of alpha₁-adrenergic receptor and 5HT₂ serotenergic receptor antagonist effects of ketanserin inhibits HMG CoA reductase activity and that this suppression is probably one of the mechanisms for the plasma LDL cholesterol reduction resulting from ketanserin treatment.