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Witchcraft illness in the Evuzok Nosological System

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Abstract

The Evuzok nosological system is structured with respect to two frames of reference, one designating illness as an empirical reality (descriptive subsystem), the other designating it according to its religious, magical and social significance (etiological subsystem). The articulation of these two subsystems is brought about in the process of diagnosis. Having examined this system as a whole, the author devotes his attention to a particular set of etiological categories, those which associate illness with witchcraft (nocturnal illnesses). He attempts to define their distinctive traits and, from this, to determine their common elemental structure.

This study, based on a number of years of fieldwork, is part of an ongoing research program on African folk-medicine pursued by the Laboratoire d'Ethnologie et de Sociologie Comparative of the Université de Paris X.

Le système nosologique Evuzok est structuré à partir de deux cadres de réferences, l'un qui considère la maladie d'après sa réalité empirique (sous-système descriptif), l'autre qui la considère :d'après sa signification religieuse, magique et sociale (sous-système étiologique), l'articulation de ces deux sous-systèmes se réalisant dans le cadre du diagnostic. Le fonctionnement de l'ensemble de ce système ayant été examiné, l'auteur consacre l'essentiel de cet article à l'examen d'un ensemble particulier de catégories étiologiques, celles qui mettent la maladie en rapport avec la sorcellerie (maladies nocturnes). II essaie d'en définir les traits distinctifs et d'en établir la structure commune élémentaire.

Cette étude fait partie d'un programme de recherches portant sur l'étude des représentations de la maladie et des institutions thérapeutiques en Afrique Noire du Laboratoire d'Ethnologie et de Sociologie Comparative de l'Université de Paris X. Elie est le résultat d'un travail de plusieurs années sur le terrain.

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References

  • De Heusche, L. 1971 Pourquoi L'épouser? et Autres Essais. Paris: Gallimard.

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  • Mallart, L. 1975 Ni dos mi ventre. Religion, magie et sorcellerie chez les Evuzok, L'Homme 15(2): 35–63.

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Additional information

The patrilineal Evuzok, a Beti population of Southern-Central Cameroons, number approximately 3,500. Living in the forest around Atog-Boga (country of Lolodorf), their traditional subsistence activities of hoe agriculture and hunting are at present accompanied by cacao cultivation.

Editor's Note: This paper, which was translated from the original French version under the guidance of Professor Andras Zempléni, represents the first in what I hope will be a continuing series of medical anthropological and cross-cultural psychiatric contributions by leading scholars from European and non-Western Societies whose works have not appeared in English and hence have tended to be overlooked by researchers who work largely, if not entirely, in the English language tradition.

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Mallart Guimera, L. Witchcraft illness in the Evuzok Nosological System. Cult Med Psych 2, 373–396 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00048595

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