Abstract
Elymus athericus (Link) Kerguélen, a C3 grass, was grown in a greenhouse experiment to determine the effect of enhanced atmospheric CO2 and elevated UV-B radiation levels on plant growth. Plants were subjected to the following treatments; a) ambient CO2-control UV-B, b) ambient CO2-elevated UV-B, c) double CO2-control UV-B, d) double CO2-elevated UV-B. Elevated CO2 concentrations stimulated plant growth, biomass production was 67% higher than at ambient CO2. Elevated UV-B radiation had a negative effect on growth, biomass production was depressed by 31%. Enhanced CO2 combined with elevated UV-B levels caused a biomass depression of 8% when compared with the control plants. UV-B induced growth depression can be modified by a growth stimulus caused by high CO2 concentrations. Growth analysis has been performed and possible physiological mechanisms behind changing growth parameters are discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barnes, P. W., Jordan, P. W., Gold, W. G., Flint, S. D. & Caldwell, M. M. 1988. Competition, morphology and canopy structure in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and wild oats (Avena fatua L.) exposed to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation. Funct. Ecol. 2: 319–330.
Bowman, W. D. & Strain, B. R. 1987. Interactions between CO2 enrichment and salinity stress in C4 non-halophyteAndropogon glomeratus (Walter) BSP. Plant, Cell Environ. 10: 267–270.
Brasseur, G. & de, Rudder, A. 1986. Agents and effects of ozone trends in the atmosphere. In: R. C., Worrest & M. M., Caldwell (eds) Stratospheric ozone reduction, solar ultraviolet radiation and plant life, pp. 1–28. NATO ASI series, vol. G8. Springer Berlin.
Caldwell, M. M. 1971. Solar UV irradiation and the growth and development of higher plants. In: A. C., Giese (ed). Photophysiology, vol. 6, pp. 131–268. Academic Press, New York.
Caldwell, M. M., Teramura, A. H. & Tevini, M. M. 1989a. The chaning solar ultraviolet climate and the ecological consequences for higher plants. Tree 4: 363–367.
Caldwell, M. M., Madronich, S., Björn, L. O. & Ilyas, M. 1989b. Ozone reduction and increased solar ultraviolet radiation. In: Environmental effects panel report, pp. 1–10. UNEP, Kenya.
Cen, Y. P. & Bornman, J. F. 1990. The response of bean plants to UV-B radiation under different irradiances of background visible light. J. Exp. Bot. 41: 1489–1495.
Delucia, E. H., Sasek, T. W. & Strain, B. R. 1985. Photosynthetic inhibition after longterm exposure to elevated levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Photo. Res. 7: 175–184.
Eamus, D. & Jarvis, P. G. 1989. The direct effects of increase in the global atmospheric CO2 concentration on natural and commercial temperate trees and forests. Adv. Ecol. Res. 19: 1–155.
Krupa, S. V. & Kickert, R. N. 1989. The greenhouse effect: Impact of Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation, carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O3) on vegetation. Environ. Pollut. 61: 263–393.
Lenssen, G. M. & Rozema, J. 1990. The effect of atmospheric CO2-enrichment and salinity on growth, photosynthesis and water relations of salt marsh species. In: J., Goudriaan, H.van, Keulen & H. H.van, Laar (eds). The greenhouse effect and primary productivity in European agro-ecosystems, pp. 64–67. Pudoc, Wageningen.
Lenssen, G. M., Lamers, J., Stroetenga, M. & Rozema, J. 1993. Interactive effects of atmospheric CO2 enrichment, salinity and flooding on growth of C3 (Elymus athericus) and C4 (Spartina anglica) salt marsh species. Vegetatio 104/105: 379–388.
Lenssen, G. M., van de Staaij, J. W. M. & Rozema, J. 1991. The combined effect of atmospheric CO2 enrichment and enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation on growth of three C3 species. in prep.
Noordueen, A. M. & Kulandaivelu, G. 1982. On the possible site of inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport by ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation. Physiol. Plant. 55: 161–166.
Roy, R. C., Gies, H. P. & Elliot, G. 1990. Ozone depletion. Nature 347: 235–236.
Rozema, J., Lenssen, G. M. & van de, Staaij, J. W. M. 1990. The combined effect of increased atmospheric CO2 and UV-B radiation on some agricultural and salt marsh species. In: J., Goudriaan, H.van, Keulen & H. H.van, Laar (eds). The greenhouse effect and primary productivity in European agro-ecosystems, pp. 68–71. Pudoc, Wageningen.
Rozema, J., Lenssen, G. M., Arp, W. J. & van de, Staaij, J. W. M. 1991. Global change, the impact of the greenhouse effect (atmospheric CO2 enrichment and increased UV-B radiation on plants. In: J., Rozema & J. A. C., Verkleij (eds). Ecological responses to environmental stresses, pp. 220–231. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
Rozema, J., van de Staaij, J. W. M., Costa, V., Torres Pereira, J. G. M., Broekman, R. A., Lenssen, G. M. & Stroetenga, M. 1991. A comparison of the growth, photosynthesis and transpiration of wheat and maize in response to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation. Proceedings New Delhi workshop, 8–12 january 1991, 12 pp.
Salomon, S. 1990. Progress towards a quantitative understanding of Antarctic ozone depletion. Nature 347: 347–354.
Sokal, R. R. & Rohlf, F. J. 1981. Biometry. Freeman Press, San Francisco.
Strain, B. R. & Cure, J. 1985. Direct effects of increasing carbon dioxide on vegetation. United States Department of Energy, DOE 1–286.
Sullivan, J. H. & Teramura, A. H. 1989. Field study of interaction between Solar Ultraviolet-B radiation and drought on photosynthesis and growth in soybean. Plant Physiol. 92: 141–146.
Teramura, A. H. 1983. Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on the growth and yield of crop plants. Physiol. Plant. 58: 415–427.
Teramura, A. H., Sullivan, J. H. & Ziska, L. W. 1990. Interaction of elevated ultraviolet-B radiation and CO2 on productivity and photosynthetic characteristics in wheat, rice and soybean. Plant Physiol. 94: 470–475.
Tevini, M. M. & Pfister, K. 1985. Inhibition of photosystem II by UV-B radiation. Zeitsch. für Naturforsch. 40C: 129–133.
Tevini, M. M. & Teramura, A. H. 1989. UV-B effects on terrestrial plants. Photochem. Photobiol. 50: 479–487.
Van de, Staaij, J. W. M., Rozema, J. & Stroetenga, M. 1990. Expected changes in Dutch coastal vegetation resulting from enhanced levels of solar UV-B. In: J. J., Beukema, et al. (eds). Expected effects of climatic change on marine coastal ecosystems, pp. 211–217, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
Vu, C. V., Allen, L. H.Jr. & Garrard, L. A. 1981. Effects of supplemental UV-B radiation on growth and leaf photosynthetic reactions of soybean (Glycine max). Physiol. Plant. 52: 353–362.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
van de Staaij, J.W.M., Lenssen, G.M., Stroetenga, M. et al. The combined effects of elevated CO2 levels and UV-B radiation on growth characteristics ofElymus athericus (= E. pycnanathus) . Vegetatio 104, 433–439 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00048172
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00048172