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The structural relationship of blood group-related oligosaccharides in human carcinoma to biological function: A perspective

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Abstract

Blood group-related oligosaccharides have been isolated from a limited number of carcinomas. The carcinoma-associated oligosaccharides show chain elongation, for example due to repeating Gal 1,4 GlcNAc 1,3 sequences, or a higher degree of branching, which permit increased sialylation and fucosylation. Abnormal carbohydrate structures have been demonstrated on tumor cell membranes by immunological techniques, which suggests deletion of ABH, accumulation of ‘crypt’ antigens such as I and T antigens, andabnormal expression of Lewis antigens. Changes in carcinoma-associated oligosaccharides can result from altered biosynthetic processing in the Golgi apparatus or the occurrence of abnormal tumor glycosyltransferase isoenzymes. Structural alterations of oligosaccharides on the tumor cell membrane are related to the regulation of tumor growth, cell-cell interaction, cell differentiation, and metastasis. Glycoproteins secreted by tumor cells into the circulation evoke cellular and humoral immunity and cause immune suppression by binding to cytotoxic T lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets. The relationship of oligosaccharide structures to biologic function awaits elucidation.

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Abbreviations

Gal:

galactose

Glc:

glucose

fuc:

fucose

GlcNAc:

2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucose

GalNAc:

2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactose

GalNAc-ol:

2-acetamido-2-deoxylalactitol, NeuAc-neuraminic acid

NeuNAc:

N-acetyl neuraminic acid

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Evanston Hospital, 2650 Ridge Avenue, 60201, Evanston, IL, USA

    Volker E. Dube

  2. Laboratory Medicine, Evanston Hospital, 2650 Ridge Avenue, 60201, Evanston, IL, USA

    Volker E. Dube

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  1. Volker E. Dube
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All sugars are of the D-configuration except fucose, which is of the L-configuration. The notation is indicated for sugars which are α-anomers. Sugars without notations are β-anomers.

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Dube, V.E. The structural relationship of blood group-related oligosaccharides in human carcinoma to biological function: A perspective. Cancer Metast Rev 6, 541–557 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00047467

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