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Development of photoautotrophy and photoinhibition of Gardenia jasminoides plantlets during micropropagation

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Abstract

This paper reports on the fast fluorescence responses of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis plantlets, at two successive stages (shoot multiplication and root induction) of culture in vitro. We test whether plantlets in vitro suffer photoinhibition during culture and whether the degree of photoautotrophy of these mixotrophic plantlets has any effect on the extent of photoinhibitory impairment. In this regard the effects of different sucrose levels in the medium and PPFD during growth on the development of photoautotrophy and the extent of photoinhibition were evaluated. Plantlets were grown under low, intermediate, and high (50, 100, and 300 μmol m-2 s-1) PPFD, and at 3 different sucrose concentrations (0.5, 1.5, and 3.0%, w/v) in the medium, during shoot multiplication. During root induction the same growth conditions were assayed except for the high PPFD. The development of photoautotrophy was assessed via the difference between the stable carbon isotope composition of sucrose used as heterotrophic carbon source and that of leaflets grown in vitro. Plantlets from root induction showed more developed photoautotrophy than those from shoot multiplication. For both stages the low-sucrose medium stimulated the photoautotrophy of plantlets in vitro. In addition, intermediate PPFD induced photoautotrophy during shoot multiplication. For plantlets of both culture stages at the lowest PPFD no photoinhibition occurred irrespective of the sucrose concentration in media. However, during the shoot multiplication stage chlorophyll fluorescence measurements showed a decrease in F v /F m and in t 1/2 as growing PPFD increased, indicating photoinhibitory damage. The decline of F v /F m was caused mostly by an increase in F o , indicating the inactivation of PSII reaction centers. However plantlets growing under low sucrose showed reduced susceptibility to photoinhibition. During root induction, only plantlets cultured with high sucrose showed a decrease in F v /F m as PPFD increased, although t 1/2 remained unchanged. In this case, the decline of F v /F m was mostly due to a decrease in F m , which indicates increased photoprotection rather than occurrence of photodamage. Therefore, growth in low-sucrose media had a protective effect on the resistance of PSII to light stress. In addition, plantlets were more resistant to photoinhibition during root induction than during shoot multiplication. Results suggest that increased photoautotrophy of plantlets reduces susceptibility to photoinhibition during gardenia culture in vitro.

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Abbreviations

AP:

apparent photosynthesis

Chl:

total chlorophyll content

Chl a/b :

chlorophyll a-to-b ratio

Chl/Car:

total chlorophyll-to-carotenoids ratio

δ13C:

ratio of 13C/12C relative to PeeDee belemnite standard

F m :

maximum chlorophyll fluorescence

F o :

fluorescence emission when all reaction centres are open and the photochemical quenching is minimal

F v :

variable chlorophyll fluorescence (F m -F o )

F v /F m :

the ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence, indicator photochemical efficiency of PSII

MS medium:

Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium

PPFD:

photosynthetic photon flux density

Rd:

dark respiration, t 1/2 the half-time of the increase from F o to F m

IAA:

indole butyric acid

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unitat de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain

    Maria D. Serret, Maria I. Trillas, Josep Matas & José L. Araus

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  1. Maria D. Serret
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  2. Maria I. Trillas
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  3. Josep Matas
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  4. José L. Araus
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Serret, M.D., Trillas, M.I., Matas, J. et al. Development of photoautotrophy and photoinhibition of Gardenia jasminoides plantlets during micropropagation. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 45, 1–16 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00043422

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00043422

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