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The prediction of fracture in brittle solids subjected to very short duration tensile stresses

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Abstract

The failure mechanism of brittle solids under very short duration tensile loading differs basically from that under prolonged tensile loads. Under static loading, or long stress pulses, the initiation and propagation of a single inherent flaw may lead to complete separation of the part. By contrast, if the loading is of very short duration, many cracks have to initiate and propagate so that they can link up and create a fracture surface during the loading period. A simple theory is proposed which relates the strength values observed under short duration stress pulses to the distribution of inherent flaws in the material. The prediction is shown to compare favorably with experimental results obtained by subjecting several types of rock to electron beams which produce stress pulses lasting from fractions of a microsecond to several microseconds.

Résumé

Le mécanisme de rupture d'un solide fragile soumis à une charge de traction de courte durée diffère fondamentalement de celui obtenu par une mise en charge prolongée. Pour une charge statique ou dans le cas des impulsions à contrainte prolongée, l'initiation de la propagation d'un simple défaut inhérent peut conduire à une séparation complète des parties. Par contraste, si la mise en charge est de courte durée, plusieurs microfissures s'initient et se propagent de telle façon qu'elles peuvent s'enchainer et créer une surface de rupture pendant la période de charge. Une théorie simple est proposée reliant les valeurs de la résistance observée pour des impulsions de contraintes de courte durée à la distribution des défauts inhérents dans le matériau. Une corrélation favorable est démontrée avec les résultats expérimentaux obtenus en soumettant divers types de roches à l'action de faisceaux d'électrons durant des fractions de microsecondes et jusqu'à plusieurs microsecondes.

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Vardar, Ö., Finnie, I. The prediction of fracture in brittle solids subjected to very short duration tensile stresses. Int J Fract 13, 115–131 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00042555

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00042555

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