Abstract
The formation of microbranching and macrobranching in brittle materials has been proposed to occur at a constant stress intensity and strain intensity. The strain intensity and stress intensity criteria are basically the same in their approach and have been shown to be predictive for isotropic materials. A fracture energy criterion can be proposed based on the energy balance approach of Griffith and related to those two criteria. This latter approach is also valid to describe the formation of branching in isotropic materials. The critical test for determining the validity of a criterion for branching is in anisotropic materials. In order to distinguish between the criteria, single crystal Si was fractured and the fracture surfaces were analyzed. In this study, the fracture energy criterion is shown to best describe the formation of microbranching and macrobranching in anisotropic materials. The energy of formation of the mirror-mist boundary is the same in two different orientations: {100} and {110} tensile surface on the {110} fracture plane.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J.J. Mecholsky, S.W. Freiman and R.W. Rice, Journal of Materials Science 11 (1976) 1310–1319.
R.W. Rice, Fractography of Ceramic and Metal Failures, ASTM STP 827, J.J. Mecholsky and S.R. Powell (eds.) (1984) 5–103.
J.C. ConwayJr. and J.J. Mecholsky, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 72 [9] (1989) 1584–1587.
T.A. Michalske, Fractography of Ceramic and Metal Failures, ASTM STP 827, J.J. Mecholsky and S.R. Powell (eds.) (1984) 121–136.
J.J. Mecholsky, Advances in Ceramics, Vol. 4-Nucleation and Crystallization in Glasses, American Ceramic Society (1982) 261–76.
H.P. Kirchner and J.C. ConwayJr., Journal of the American Ceramic Society 70 [8] (1987) 565–569.
H.P. Kirchner and J.C. Conway Jr., Advances in Ceramics, Vol. 22 (1988).
H.P. Kirchner, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 69 [4] (1986) 339–342.
J.C. Newman, Jr. and I.S. Raju, ‘Stress-Intensity Factor Equations for Cracks in Three-Dimensional Final Bodies Subjected to Tension and Bending Loads,’ NASA Technical Memorandum 85793, Langley Research Center (April 1984).
S.W. Freiman, J.J. Mecholsky and P.F. Becher, Ceramics Transactions 17, The American Ceramic Society (1991).
Morgan W. Mitchell and Dawn A. Bonnell, Journal of Materials Science 10 (1990) 2244–2254.
Y.L. Tsai and J.J. Mecholsky, Journal of Materials Research 6 [6] (1991).
R.W. Rice, Advances in Ceramics 22, The American Ceramic Society (1988).
G.R. Irwin, ‘Relation of Stresses Near a Crack to the Crack Extension Force,’ Ninth International Congress of Applied Mechanics, Brussels (1957).
P.F. Becher, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 59 [1–2] (1976) 59–61.
F.W. Smith, A.F. Emery and A.S. Kobayashi, Journal of Applied Mechanics 34 [4] (1967) 953–60.
E.B. Shand, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 42 [10] (1967) 474–77.
G.R. Anstis, P. Chantikul, B.R. Lawn and D.B. Marshall, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 64 [9] (1981) 533–38.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tsai, Y.L., Mecholsky, J.J. Fracture mechanics description of fracture mirror formation in single crystals. Int J Fract 57, 167–182 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00035717
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00035717