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Critical assessment of the theory of brittle fracture

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Abstract

Cottrell's theory of stable growth of cleavage microcracks is critically assessed for mild steels below the embrittlement transition temperature. The theory is shown to correspond to experiments if one abandons the assumption that the number of crack dislocations is equal to the number of piled-up dislocations at the stress considered. Reasons are presented why the equation for dislocation pile-ups should not be applied to the growth of microcracks. We replace it by the experimental fact that the unstable crack length amounts to a few grain diameters. Then the idea of stable microcrack growth proves consistent with experimental results.

Résumé

On examine de façon critique la théorie de Cottrell relative à la croissance stable de microfissures de clivage dans le cas d'aciers doux sollicités à une température inférieure à la température de transition. On montre que la théorie correspond à l'expérience si on écarte l'hypothèse que le nombre de dislocations associées à la fissure est égal au nombre de dislocations d'empilement correspondant au niveau de contraintes considéré.

On présente les raisons pour lesquelles l'équation exprimant les empilements de dislocation ne devrait pas être appliquée pour décrire la croissance des microfissures.

On préfère lui substituer la constatation expérimentale que la longueur de la fissure instable se monte à quelques diamètres de grains. Dans ces conditions, la notion de croissances stable d'une microfissure acquiert de la consistance en regard des résultats expérimentaux.

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Kochendörfer, A., Schulze, H.D. & Riedel, H. Critical assessment of the theory of brittle fracture. Int J Fract 11, 365–368 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00033525

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00033525

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