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Photosystem II heterogeneity: the acceptor side

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Abstract

It is well known that two photosystems, I and II, are needed to transfer electrons from H2O to NADP+ in oxygenic photosynthesis. Each photosystem consists of several components: (a) the light-harvesting antenna (L-HA) system, (b) the reaction center (RC) complex, and (c) the polypeptides and other co-factors involved in electron and proton transport. First, we present a mini review on the heterogeneity which has been identified with the electron acceptor side of Photosystem II (PS II) including (a) L-HA system: the PS IIα and PS IIβ units, (b) RC complex containing electron acceptor Q1 or Q2; and (c) electron acceptor complex: QA (having two different redox potentials QL and QH) and QB (QB-type; Q'B type; and non-QB type); additional components such as iron (Q-400), U (Em,7=−450 mV) and Q-318 (or Aq) are also mentioned. Furthermore, we summarize the current ideas on the so-called inactive (those that transfer electrons to the plastoquinone pool rather slowly) and active reaction centers. Second, we discuss the bearing of the first section on the ratio of the PS II reaction center (RC-II) and the PS I reaction center (RC-I). Third, we review recent results that relate the inactive and active RC-II, obtained by the use of quinones DMQ and DCBQ, with the fluorescence transient at room temperature and in heated spinach and soybean thylakoids. These data show that inactive RC-II can be easily monitored by the OID phase of fluorescence transient and that heating converts active into inactive centers.

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Abbreviations

DCBQ:

2,5 or 2,6 dichloro-p-benzoquinone

DMQ:

dimethylquinone

QA :

primary plastoquinone electron acceptor of photosystem II

QB :

secondary plastoquinone electron acceptor of photosystem II

IODP:

successive fluorescence levels during time course of chlorophyll a fluorescence: O for origin, I for inflection, D for dip or plateau, and P for peak

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 289 Morrill Hall, 505 South Goodwin Ave., 61801, Urbana, IL, USA

    Govindjee

  2. Department of Plan Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 289 Morrill Hall, 505 South Goodwin Ave., 61801, Urbana, IL, USA

    Govindjee

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Govindjee Photosystem II heterogeneity: the acceptor side. Photosynth Res 25, 151–160 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00033157

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