Summary
Resistance to preharvest sprouting has been observed in several white wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes, but the mode of resistance has not been determined. Studies were conducted to characterize the strong preharvest sprouting resistance in Clark's Cream genotype to facilitate breeding for the trait. Clark's Cream and five other hard red and white wheat genotypes were grown in the glasshouse and field and effects of simulated rain, embryo maturity, inhibitors in floral parts and GA, endogenous inhibitors, and ABA and GA combinations on sprouting were measured. The six genotypes differed significantly in sprouting after simulated rain, α-amylase activity, and response to GA and ABA. Embryo maturity and inhibition levels in floral parts and caryopses were nearly similar for all genotypes. Clark's Cream appeared to differ most in high embryo sensitivity, which was fairly nonspecific for ABA, GA, and endogenous inhibitor, and in low α-amylase production during sprouting. Breeding procedures that lead to the preharvest sprouting resistance of Clark's Cream are discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anonymous, 1983. Falling number determination. In: Approved Methods of the AACC. American Assoc. Cereal Chemists, St. Paul, Minn, Method 56–81B.
Belderok B., 1968. Seed dormancy problems in cereals. Field Crop Abstr 21: 203–211.
Bhatt G.M., F.W. Ellison & D.J. Mares, 1983. Inheritance studies in dormancy in three wheat crosses. In. Third Int. Sym. on Preharvest Sprouting in Cereals. (Eds.) J.E. Kruger & D.E. LaBerg. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, USA, p 274–278.
Bhatt G.M., G.M. Paulsen, K. Kulp & E.G. Heyne, 1981. Preharvest sprouting in hard winter wheats: Assessment of methods to detect genotypic and nitrogen effects and interactions. Cereal Chem 58: 300–302.
DePauw R.M., T.N. McCaig & T.F. Townley-Smith, 1985. Registration of a sprouting resistant white-seeded spring wheat germplasm line. Crop Sci 25: 577–578.
Derera N.F., G.M. Bhatt & G.J. McMaster, 1977. On the problem of preharvest sprouting of wheat. Euphytica 26: 299–308.
Gale M.D., C.N. Law, A.J. Chojecki & R.A. Kempton, 1983. Genetic control of α-amylase production in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 64: 309–316.
George D.W., 1967. High temperature seed dormancy in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Crop Sci 7: 249–253.
Gfeller F. & F. Svejda, 1960. Inheritance of post-harvest seed dormancy and kernel colour in spring wheat lines. Can J Plant Sci 40: 1–6.
Heyne E.G., 1956. Earl G Clark, Kansas farmer wheat breeder. Trans Kansas Acad Sci 59: 391–404.
Huang G., A.J. McCrate, E. Varriano-Marston & G.M. Paulsen, 1983. Caryopsis structural and imbibitional characteristics of some hard red and white wheats. Cereal Chem 60: 161–165.
Khan A.A., 1982. The Physiology and Biochemistry of Seed Development, Dormancy, and Germination. Elsevier Science Publ, Inc, New York, 547 pp.
Kulp K., P. Roewe-Smith & K. Lorenz, 1983. Preharvest sprouting of winter wheat. I. Rheological properties of flours and physicochemical characteristicts of starches. Cereal Chem 60: 355–359.
MacLeod A.M. & G.H. Palmer, 1967. Gibberellin from barley embryos. Nature 216: 1342–1343.
Mares D.J., 1983. Preservation of dormancy in freshly harvested wheat grain. Aust J Agric Res 34: 33–38.
Mathewson P.R. & Y. Pomeranz, 1979. Modified chromogenic α-amylase assay for sprouted wheat. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 62: 198–200.
McCrate A.J., M.T. Nielsen, G.M. Paulsen & E.G. Heyne, 1981a. Gibberellic acid effects on germination and α-amylase activity of winter wheats. Euphytica 30: 875–880.
McCrate A.J., M.T. Nielsen, G.M. Paulsen & E.G. Heyne, 1981b. Preharvest sprouting and α-amylase activity in hard red and hard white winter wheat cultivars. Cereal Chem 58: 424–428.
McCrate A.J., M.T. Nielsen, G.M. Paulsen & E.G. Heyne, 1982. Relationship between sprouting in wheat and embryo response to endogenous inhibition. Euphytica 31: 193–200.
McMaster G.J. & N.F. Derera, 1976. Methodology and sample preparation when screening for sprout damage in cereals. Cereal Res Comm 4: 251–254.
Miyamoto T., N.E. Tolbert & E.H. Everson, 1961. Germination inhibitors related to dormancy in wheat seeds. Plant Physiol 36: 739–746.
Nielsen M.T., A.J. McCrate, E.G. Heyne & G.M. Paulsen, 1984. Effect of weather variables during maturation on preharvest sprouting of hard white winter wheat. Crop Sci 24: 779–782.
Nilsson-Ehle H., 1914. Zur Kenntnis der mit der Keimphysiologie des Weizens in Zusammenhang stehenden inneren Faktoren. Z Pflanzenzüchtung 2: 153–187.
Paulsen, G.M. & E.G. Heyne, 1984. Role of embryo response to endogenous inhibitor in preharvest sprouting of wheat. Proc 6th Int Wheat Genet Sym, Kyoto, Japan, p 415–418.
Paulsen G.M., E.G. Heyne, T.L. Walter & R.C. Hoseney, 1983. Agronomic and quality attributes of sibling hard white and hard red winter wheats. Crop Sci 23: 859–862.
SAS, 1985. Users guide. Statistical Analysis System Institute, Cary, NC p 131–138.
Sorrells M.E. & A.H. Paterson, 1986. Registration of NY6432–18 and NY6708–18 wheat germplasm lines. Crop Sci 26: 392–393.
Stoy V. & K. Sundin, 1976. Effects of growth regulation substances on cereal seed germination. Cereal Res Comm 4: 157–163.
Swanson C.O., 1946. Effects of rains on wheat during harvest. Tech Bull 60 Agric Exp Stn, Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, Kans 92 p.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Upadhyay, M.P., Morris, C.F. & Paulsen, G.M. Characterization of preharvest sprouting resistance in Clark's Cream white winter wheat. Euphytica 38, 85–92 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00024814
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00024814