Summary
A mutant phenotype, mainly characterized by undulated leaf surface, dwarfism and sterility, has been repeatedly induced by physical (X-rays; thermal and fast neutrons) and chemical (diethylsulphate and ethylmethanesulphonate) mutagenic agents in different varieties of durum wheat. This phenotype is easily detectable at the seedling stage. Neutron treatments are the most effective method to induce this phenotype and a maximum of 0.6% mutations per M1 spike-progeny was induced after the highest dose of thermal neutrons. On the average 0.23 mutations per 100 M1 spike progenies and 0.55 mutant seedlings per 1000 M2 plants were found after all treatments.
Genetic analysis of different dwarf-twisted phenotypes shows that this character is conditioned by one recessive gene with an average segregation ratio of 22.9%. As the dwarf-twisted phenotypes segregate in highly fertile M1 spikes and no evident chromosome changes have been detected in this caryotype, the hypothesis of a point mutation has been proposed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Avanzi, S., 1961. Effetti di radiazioni e mutageni chimici sulla crescita e sopravvivenza in varietà italiane di grano duro. Atti VI Riunione A.G.I., pp. 353–364.
Bozzini, A., 1964. Studio genetico e fisiologico di un mutante nano radioindotto in frumento duro (Triticum durum Desf). Atti A.G.I., pp. 89–97.
Bozzini, A. and Scarascia Mugnozza, G. T., 1966. Mutation induction in durum wheat by radiation and chemicals. III. Intern. Congr. Radiat. Research, Cortina d'Ampezzo.
d'Amato, F., 1965. Chimera formation in mutagen treated seeds and diplontic selection. FAO/IAEA Technical Meeting on the Use of Induced Mutations in Plant Breeding, Roma, (1964), Supplement to Radiation Botany 5: 303–316.
d'Amato, F., Scarascia Mugnozza, G. T., Monti, L. M. and Bozzini, A., 1961. Types and frequencies of chlorophyll mutations in durum wheat induced by radiations and chemicals. Radiation Botany 2: 217–239.
Ehrenberg, L., Gustafsson, A. and Lundqvist, U., 1961. Viable mutants induced in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. Hereditas 47: 243–282.
Gustafsson, A., 1940. The mutation system on the chlorophyll apparatus. Lunds Univ. Arnkr. M.F. Ard. 2: 1–40.
Hagberg, A., Gustafsson, A. and Ehrenberg, L., 1958. Sparsely contra densely ionizing radiations and the origin of the erectoid mutations in barley. Hereditas 44: 523.
Lundqvist, U. and von Wettstein, D., 1962. Induction of Eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. Hereditas 48: 342–362.
Mather, K., 1957. The measurements of linkage in heredity. Methuen, London, p. 149.
Monti, L. M., 1966. Impiego di mutazioni monogeniche nello studio della ontogenesi della spiga in frumento duro. Atti Assoc. Genet. Ital. 11: 128–132.
Morrison, J. W., 1957. Dwarf, semi-lethals and lethals in wheat. Euphytica 6: 213–223.
Pelton, J. S., 1964. Genetic and morphogenetic studies of Angiosperm single-gene dwarf. Bot. Rev. (July–Sept.), pp. 479–512.
Phinney, B. O., 1961. Dwarfing genes in Zea mays and their relation to the gibberellins. Pl. Growth Reg. 4 Int. Conf. Iowa State Univ. Press, pp. 489–501.
Stadler, L. J., 1928. Mutations in barley induced by X-rays and radium. Science 68: 186–187.
Vavilov, N. I., 1951. The origin, variation immunity and breeding of cultivated plants. Roland Press Co., N.Y.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Contribution no. 171 from the Laboratorio Applicazioni in Agricoltura del C.N.E.N., C.S.N. Casaccia, S. Maria di Galeria, Roma, Italy.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bozzini, A., Monti, L.M. Dwarf-twisted: An induced mutation in Triticum durum Desf . Euphytica 18, 135–143 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00021992
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00021992