Abstract
Analytical models are developed to correlate the mode I fracture toughness of elastomer-toughened polymers with microstructural damage modes occurring around the crack-tip. The total energy dissipation caused by three dominant damage modes, namely, plastic shear band formation, plastic void growth, and plastic deformation of the entire matrix resin, is used as the basis to derive the analytical expression for the mode I fracture toughness of the toughened polymers. Numerical results are presented and compared with available experimental data for a typical toughened epoxy resin. Parametric results involving a number of material and microstructural variables indicate some very interesting trends, and provide some guidelines toward achieving optimum fracture toughness values for these types of material systems.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
W.D. Bascom, R.Y. Ting, R.J. Moulton, C.K. Riew and A.R. Siebert, Journal of Materials Science 16 (1981) 2657–2664.
A.J. Kinloch, S.J. Shaw, D.A. Tod and D.L. Hunston, Polymer 24 (1983) 1341–1354.
A.J. Kinloch, S.J. Shaw and D.L. Hunston, Polymer 24 (1983) 1355–1363.
A.F. Yee and R.A. Pearson, Journal of Materials Science 21 (1986) 2462–2474.
R.A. Pearson and A.F. Yee, Journal of Materials Science 21 (1986) 2475–2488.
A.C. Garg and Y.W. Mai, Composites Science and Technology 31 (1988) 179–223.
H.J. Sue, Polymer Engineering Science 31 (1991) 270–274.
H.J. Sue, Polymer Engineering Science 31 (1991) 275–288.
S. Kunz-Dauglass, P.W.R. Beaumont and M.F. Ashby, Journal of Materials Science 15 (1980) 1109–1123.
A.G. Evans, Z.B. Ahmad, D.G. Gilbert and P.W.R. Beaumont, Acta Metallurgica 34 (1986) 79–87.
A.J. Kinloch, in Rubber-Toughened Plastics, C.K. Riew (ed.) Advances in Chemistry Series, vol. 222, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC (1980) 67–91.
Y. Huang and A.J. Kinloch, Journal of Materials Science 27 (1992) 2753–2762.
Y. Huang and A.J. Kinloch, Journal of Materials Science 27 (1992) 2763–2769.
J. Eftis and H. Liebowitz, Engineering Fracture Mechanics 7 (1975) 101–135.
J.G. Williams, Fracture Mechanics of Polymers, Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester (1984).
M.F. Kanninen and C.H. Popelar, Advanced Fracture Mechanics, Oxford University Press, New York (1985).
E.A. Chakachery, PhD dissertation, Texas A&M University (1989).
B. Budiansky, J.W. Hutchinson and J.C. Lambropoulos, International Journal of Solids and Structures 19 (1983) 337–355.
A.G. Evans and K.T. Faber, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 67 (1984) 255–260.
W.L. Bradley, in Application of Fracture Mechanics to Composite Materials, K. Friedrich (ed.) Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. (1989) 159–187.
M.F. Hibbs, PhD dissertation, Texas A&M University (1988).
K.N. Raju, International Journal of Fracture Mechanics 5 (1969) 101–112.
B. Lawn, Fracture of Brittle Solids, 2nd edn., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1993).
K.N. Shivakumar and J.H. CrewsJr., Engineering Fracture Mechanics 28 (1987) 319–330.
D.R. Williams, D.L. Davidson and J. Lankford, Experimental Mechanics 20 (1980) 134–139.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tohdoh, M., Chaturvedi, S.K. & Sierakowski, R.L. Mode I fracture modeling of elastomer-toughened polymers. Int J Fract 75, 285–306 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00019610
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00019610