Summary
Lowland rice was grown on nutrient solutions in a continuous-flow system, with pH levels varying from 3.5 to 6.0. The chemical compositions of all nutrient solutions were alike, except for small amounts of HCl or KOH, needed for pH adjustments, and for variations in the Al supply.
Rice was found not to be affected in its vegetative growth by H-ion concentrations up to that found at pH 3.5. High acidity suppressed the uptake of metallic cations without affecting vegetative growth.
In low concentrations (0.05 and 0.2 ppm), Al suppressed the growth of rice seedlings. Concentrations ten times higher (0.5 and 2 ppm) appeared to be lethal to young rice plants. In contrast, 2 ppm Al when added to the nutrient solution past the seedling stage, exerted no adverse effect on the growth of rice. Two ppm Al, in chelated form, had no deleterious effect on rice in the seedling stage.
The decreasing sensitivity of lowland rice to Al with advancing age of the plants might be of practical importance in regions where rice is grown on highly acid soils. By allowing the seedlings to develop on a seedbed consisting of soil close to neutrality, the plants may be transplanted into the acid soil once they have lost most of their initial sensitivity to high levels of soluble Al.
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Thawornwong, N., Van Diest, A. Influences of high acidity and aluminum on the growth of lowland rice. Plant Soil 41, 141–159 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00017951
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00017951