The significance of RPG load for fatigue crack propagation and the development of a compliance measuring system

Abstract

In can be postulated that fatigue crack does not grow if no damage occurs in the vicinity of the crack tip. Damage may occur beyond the Re-tensile Plastic zone's Generated load (RPG load) in the vicinity of a crack tip under loading process. We propose an effective stress intensity factor range (Δ K _RP) corresponding to the period in which the re-tensile plastic zone appears, in place of ΔK _eff proposed by Elber [1], for a fatigue crack propagation parameter.

We then consider the small change of compliance for a cracked body under cyclic loading, for the purpose of measuring RPG load as well as crack opening load and crack closing load. Moreover a subtraction circuit which can measure the small change of compliance during fatigue test is developed and an automatic controlled system which can control the adequate values of resistance in the circuit and the output voltage range from strain amplifiers for minimizing relative noise level is also developed. Then fatigue crack propagation tests of CT specimens were carried out with various stress ratios of constant amplitude loadings. Moreover ΔK _th tests with the conditions of constant stress ratio and constant maximum load with increasing stepwise minimum load were also carried out. It becomes clear that the logarithmic curve of ΔK _RP—crack propagation rate appears to be linear in a wide range from the region of very slow growth rate to the region of stable growth rate. On the other hand, threshold phenomenon appears only circumstantially due to the particular loading pattern on ΔK _eff based on the crack opening load and ΔK _eff ^cl based on the crack closing load. Moreover ΔK _RP gives the quantitative effect of stress ratio on fatigue crack propagation rate.