Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Development of salix and populus mycorrhizae in metallic mine tailings

  • Published:
Plant and Soil Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Roots of two year old willow and poplar planted as cuttings in copper and iron mine tailings were stained intact and examined microscopically for mycorrhizal development. Incidence of mycorrhizae was related to tree vigor and to chemical and physical properties of the tailings. Results showed that no mycorrhizal development occurred on roots of these tree species in the copper tailings; inoculations with natural forest soil extract failed to initiate this symbiosis. Tops and roots of the willow and poplar were stunted and survival was poor. Roots in the iron mine tailings developed extensive ectomycorrhizae and trees showed good growth. Presence of mycorrhizae was confirmed and external morphology examined with the scanning electron microscope. Aseptic jack pine and naturally mycorrhizal white pine roots were used in microscopic comparisons with the hardwoods. re]19760220

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bevege, D. I., A rapid technique for clearing tannins and staining intact roots for detection of mycorrhizae caused by Endogone spp., and some records of infection in Australian plants. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 51, 808–811 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bjorkman, E., Forest tree mycorrhiza — the conditions for its formation and significance for tree growth and afforestation. Plant and Soil 32, 589–610 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Black, C. A., Evans, D. D., White, J. L., Ensminger, L. E. and Clark, F. E., Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Am. Soc. Agron., Madison. 1572 pp. (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Campbell, R. and Rovira, A. D., The study of the rhizosphere by scanning electron microscopy. Soil Biol. Biochem. 5, 747–752 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Dean, K. C. and Havens, R., Stabilization of mineral wastes from processing plants. Proc. 2nd. Mineral Waste Symp. (1970).

  6. Dean, K. C., Stabilizing mineral wastes. Eng. Min. J. 172, 99–103 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hacskaylo, E., Mycorrhizae: The ultimate in reciprocal parasitism? Bio Science 22, 577–582 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Hesterberg, G. A. and Jurgensen, M. F., The relation of forest fertilization to disease incidence. For. Chron. 78, 92–95 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Harley, J. L., The Biology of Mycorrhiza. Leonard Hill, London. 334 p. (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Johansen, D. A., Plant Microtechnique. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. 523 pp. (1940).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Marx, D. H., Bryan, W. C. and Davey, C. B., Influence of temperature on aseptic synthesis of ectomycorrhizae by Thelephora terrestris and Pisolithus tinctorius on loblolly pine. For. Sci. 16, 424–431 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Marx, D. H. and Zak, B., Effect of pH on mycorrhizal formation of slash pine in aseptic culture. For. Sci. 11, 66–75 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Mikola, P., Mycorrhizal symbiosis in forestry practice. In Ectomycorrhizae-Their Ecology and Physiology. G. C., Marks and T. T., Kozlowski (eds.). Academic Press, New York and London, 444 p. (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Natrella, M. G., Experimental Statistics. National Bureau of Standards (1963).

  15. Neilson, R. F. and Peterson, H. B., Treatment of mine tailings to promote vegetative stabilization. Agric. Exp. Sta. Utah State Univ. Bull. 485, p. 1–22 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Shetron, S. G. and Duffek, R., Establishing vegetation on iron mine tailings. J. Soil Water Conserv. 25, 227–230 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Shetron, S. G., Jones, L. and Prather, J., Establishing vegetation on alkali iron and copper tailings. III. Treatment to promote vegetation. Submitted for publication (1975).

  18. Shipton, W. A. and Brown, J. F., A whole-leaf clearing and staining technique to demonstrate host-pathogen relationships of wheat stem rust. Phytopathology. 52, 1313 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Schramm, J. R., Plant colonization studies on black wastes from anthracite mining in Pennsylvania. In Trans. Amer. Philosoph. Soc. New Series, Vol 56, Part I (1966).

  20. Trappe, J. M., Stahyl, E. A., Benson, N. R. and Duff, D. M., Mycorrhizal deficiency of apply trees in high arsenic soils. Hort. Science. 8, 52–53 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Vozzo, J. A. and Hacskaylo E., Inoculation of Pinus caribaea with ectomycorrhizal fungi in Puerto Rico. For. Sci. 17, 239–245.

  22. Wilson, H. A., The microbiology of strip-mine spoil. West Virginia Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 505T, 44 pp. (1965).

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. M. M. Harris

    Present address: College of Forestry, Wildlife and Range Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, U.S.A.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, U.S.A.

    M. M. Harris & M. F. Jurgensen

Authors
  1. M. M. Harris
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. F. Jurgensen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Harris, M.M., Jurgensen, M.F. Development of salix and populus mycorrhizae in metallic mine tailings. Plant Soil 47, 509–517 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00011507

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00011507

Keywords

Search

Navigation