Abstract
The effect of Si(OH)4 on Cr toxicity and elemental concentrations in ryegrass were investigated in a growth chamber using an acid and a neutral mineral soil. Each soil was treated with 50 mg Cr, as CrO3, kg−1 soil dry weight, singly, or in combination with 25 mg Si as Si(OH)4. Plants growing in unamended soils were used as controls.
Chromium toxicity, expressed as decrease in shoot or root dry weight, was increased by the Si. This increase was accompanied by a higher Cr uptake particularly on the acid soil. The shoot and root dry weights were significantly correlated (P=1%) with the concentration of Cr, where r=−0.80 and −0.65, respectively. Uptake of Al, Cu, Fe, P and Zn did not show any consistent relationship to the magnitude of Cr toxicity.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bowen J E 1972 Manganese-silicon interaction and its effect on growth of Sudan grass. Plant and Soil 37, 577–587.
Clement H F 1965 The role of calcium silicate slags in sugar cane growth. Hawaii Sugar Technical Report, 103–126.
Elderfield H 1970 Chromium in sea water. Earth and Plan. Sci. Letters 9, 10–16.
Galvez L, Clark R B, Gourley L M and Maranville J W 1987 Silicon interaction with manganese toxicity and aluminum toxicity in sorghum. J. Plant Nutr. 10, 9–16.
Horiguchi T and Morita S 1987 Mechanism of manganese toxicity and tolerance of plants. VI. Effect of silicon on alleviation of manganese toxicity of barley. J. Plant Nutr. 10, 2299–2310.
Horst W J and Marschner H 1978 Effect of silicon on manganese tolerance of bean plants (Phaseolus vulgare L.). Plant and Soil 50, 287–303.
Islam A and Saha R C 1969 Effects of silicon on chemical composition of rice plants. Plant and Soil 30, 446–458. (Dacca Univ., Pakistan).
James B R and Bartlett R J 1984 Plant-soil interactions of chromium. J. Environ. Qual. 13, 67–70.
Jones L H P and Handreck K A 1965 Studies on silica in the oat plant. III. Uptake of silica from soils by the plant. Plant and Soil 23, 79–96.
Leggett G E 1978 Interaction of monomeric silicic acid with copper and zinc and chemical changes of the precipitate with aging. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 42, 262–268.
Liebig J v 1840 Chemistry in its Application to Agriculture and Physiology. Taylor and Walter. London.
Obihara C H and Russell E W 1972 Specific adsorption of silicate and phosphate by soils. J. Soil Sci. 23, 105–117.
Otabbong E 1989a Chemistry of Cr in some Swedish soils. 1. Chromium speciation in soil extracts: A comparison of different methods. Acta Agric. Scand. 32, 119–129.
Otabbong E 1989b Chemistry of Cr in some Swedish soils. 2. Fate and impact of added Cr on pH and status of soluble Mn in four soils. Acta Agric. Scand. 32, 130–137.
Otabbong E 1989c Chemistry of Cr in some Swedish soils. 3. Assessment of Cr toxicity and Cr×P interactions in ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Acta Agric. Scand. 32, 138–146.
Otabbong E 1989d Chemistry of Cr in some Swedish soils. 4. Influence of CrO3 and KH2PO4 on uptake and translocation of Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe and Al by Lolium perenne. Acta Agric. Scand. 32, 146–154.
Otabbong E 1990 Chemistry of Cr in some Swedish soils. 6. Native P transformation and changes in pH and cation exchange capacity of two soils incubated with potassium chromate. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 21, In press.
Padmaja P and Varghese E J 1972 Effect of calcium, magnesium and silicon on the uptake of plant nutrients and quality of straw and grain of paddy. Agric. Res. J. Kerala 10, 100–105. (India).
Shone M G T 1964 Initial uptake of silica by excised barley roots. Nature (London) 202, 314–315.
Silva J A 1971 Possible mechanism for crop response to silicate application. Proc. Intern. Symp. Soil Fert. Eval., 805–814.
Skeffington R A, Shewry P R and Peterson P J 1976 Chromium uptake and transport in barley seedlings (Hordeum vulgare L.). Planta 132, 209–214.
Tanaka A and Park Y D 1966 Significance of the absorption and distribution of silica in the growth of the rice plant. Soil Sci. Pl. Nutr. 12, 23–28. (Hokkaido Univ.. Sapporo, Japan).
Vlamis J and Williams D E 1967 Manganese and silicon interaction in the gramineae. Plant and Soil 27, 131–140.
Volk R J 1958 Silicon content of rice plant as a factor influencing its resistence to infection by the blast fungus. Piricularia oryzae. Phytopath. 48, 178–184.
Williams D E and Vlamis J 1957 The effect of silicon on yield and manganese uptake and distribution in the leaves of barley plants grown in culture solutions. Plant Physiol. 32, 404–409.
Yoshida S, Ohnishi Y and Kitagishi K 1964 Histochemistry of silicon in the rice plant. III. The presence of cuticle-silicon double layer in the epidermal tissue. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 8, 1–5.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Otabbong, E. Chemistry of Cr in some Swedish soils. Plant Soil 123, 89–93 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00009930
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00009930