Analysis of Antimicrobial Activities of Different Parts of Symplocos racemosa: an Endangered Medicinal Plant of Eastern Ghats of India

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Abstract

Antimicrobial activity of ethanol, methanol, and chloroform extracts from bark, leaves, and roots of Symplocos racemosa, an Indian medicinal plant, was examined against eight species of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, and Candian albican using disc diffusion method. All the extracts from different parts of the plant exhibit antimicrobial activity against most tested microorganisms. The maximum level of antibacterial activity was observed in bark extract against S. aureus (32.95 ± 0.88 mm) at the concentration of 20 mg of methanol extract and the minimum activity was observed against P. aeruginosa (1.83 ± 0.13 mm) at the concentration of 5 mg of chloroform extract. The methanol extract of root of S. racemosa showed highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus (30.75 ± 0.83 mm) at the concentration of 20 mg of extract, but less activity was observed against P. aeruginosa (2.05 ± 0.13 mm) at the concentration of 5 mg of extract. Methanol leaf extract of S. racemosa showed more activity against S. aureus (30.75 ± 0.83 mm) followed by E. faecalis (19.00 ± 0.68 mm) at the concentration of 20 mg and less activity was observed against P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, and A. niger. Hence, the isolation of antimicrobial compounds from root, bark, and leaf of S. racemosa with possible mechanism would be a better option for the synthesis of new antimicrobial drugs to treat infectious diseases caused by microorganisms.

Keywords

Symplocos racemosa Antimicrobial Antifungal E. coli 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Prof (Dr). Sudam Chandra Si, Dean and Prof (Dr). Manoj Ranjan Nayak, President, Centre of Biotechnology, Siksha O Anusandhan University, for providing all facilities. Financial assistance from DBT, New Delhi is acknowledged. The authors are also grateful to Dean and President, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology for providing financial support and encouraging throughout. The authors are thankful to Dr P C Panda, RPRC for identification of the sample.

Funding was provided by Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology.

Compliances with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

There is no conflict of interest between the authors.

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Copyright information

© Shiraz University 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Centre of BiotechnologySiksha O Anusandhan UniversityBhubaneswarIndia
  2. 2.Department of Plant PathologyOrissa University of Agriculture and TechnologyBhubaneshwarIndia

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