Tropical Plant Pathology

, Volume 43, Issue 2, pp 109–116 | Cite as

Characterization and genetic variability of coat protein genes of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus isolates from southern Brazil

  • Osmar Nickel
  • Fabio N. Silva
  • Thor V. M. Fajardo
  • Eduardo S. Gorayeb
Original Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) infects temperate rosaceous fruit trees worldwide and causes a wide range of diseases that are economically highly damaging. This study was carried out to analyze genetic variability of regional ACLSV isolates and compare it with ACLSV isolates from other parts of the world. Nineteen amplicons of ACLSV, corresponding to the coat protein (CP) gene of isolates from apple, plum, and nectarine, from two states in southern Brazil, have been analyzed for genetic variation and compared phylogenetically among themselves and with other sequences available in GenBank. Sequences identities among complete CP genes of these isolates ranged from 87.5 to 100% and 92.2 to 100% at the nucleotide (nt) and the deduced amino acid (daa) levels, respectively. In the comparison with isolates from Asia, Europe and North America, identities were 68.4 to 100% and 72.5 to 100% at nt and daa levels, respectively. Phylogenetic trees based on nucleotide sequences showed that these isolates grouped into two clusters, cluster 1 containing apple isolates and cluster 2 comprising apple, plum and nectarine isolates. Most Brazilian isolates showed conserved signatures (Ser40, Leu59, Tyr75, Thr130 and Leu184) in their CPs, which place them with type B6 isolates. However, some Brazilian isolates were found to be variants of type B6. These analyzes indicated that Brazilian isolates had lower genetic variability compared to isolates from China, India and Japan and that the CP genes were under negative selection. The greatest diversity of nucleotides was observed in the central portion of the CP gene, represented predominantly by synonymous substitutions. One natural recombinant was detected among ACLSV isolates from Brazil.

Keywords

ACLSV Molecular characterization Variability Phylogeny Recombination Selection 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

This work was financed by Embrapa project nr. 03.13.05.007. Authors thank Francisco J.L. Aragão (Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF) for sequencing, Marcos F. Vanni for technical support, and CNPq for financial support.

Supplementary material

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Supplementary Table S1 (DOCX 30.4 kb)
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Supplementary Table S2 (DOCX 18.4 kb)
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Supplementary Table S3 (DOCX 19.8 kb)

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Copyright information

© Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Embrapa Uva e VinhoBento GonçalvesBrazil
  2. 2.Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção VegetalCentro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa CatarinaLagesBrazil

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