Shape Memory and Superelasticity

, Volume 3, Issue 1, pp 57–66 | Cite as

Effect of Cold Work and Partial Annealing on Thermomechanical Behaviour of Ti-50.5at%Ni

  • Abdus Samad Mahmud
  • Zhigang Wu
  • Hong Yang
  • Yinong Liu
SPECIAL ISSUE: FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS, INVITED PAPER

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of cold work and partial annealing on the thermal and mechanical behaviour of NiTi. It is well understood that the thermomechanical properties of near-equiatomic NiTi are highly dependent on the microstructure, and hence the history of thermomechanical treatments has undergone through. It has been generally accepted that a sufficiently high cold work is necessary prior to annealing but detailed knowledge of the influence of the level of prior cold work on annealing is unclear. This study determined the threshold effective levels of cold work required for annealing and demonstrated that the thermal and mechanical properties of Ti-50.5at%Ni are sensitive to the level of cold work as well as temperature of partial annealing.

Keywords

Martensitic phase transformation Heat treatment Shape memory alloy NiTi Superelasticity 

Notes

Acknowledgement

The authors acknowledge the financial support of Australian Research Council in Grant DP160105066.

References

  1. 1.
    Mitwally ME, Farag M (2009) Effect of cold work and annealing on the structure and characteristics of NiTi alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 519(1–2):155–166CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    Miller DA, Lagoudas DC (2001) Influence of cold work and heat treatment on the shape memory effect and plastic strain development of NiTi. Mater Sci Eng A 308(1–2):161–175CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Lin HC, Wu SK (1993) Determination of heat of transformation in a cold-rolled martensitic tini alloy. Metall Trans A 24(2):293–299CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Brailovski V, Prokoshkin SD, Khmelevskaya IY, Inaekyan KE, Demers V, Bastarache E, Dobatkin SV, Tatyanin EV (2006) Interrelations between the properties and structure of thermomechanically-treated equiatomic Ti–Ni alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 438–440:597–601CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Ishida A, Sato M, Takei A, Nomura K, Miyazaki S (1996) Effect of aging on shape memory behavior of Ti-51.3 At. pct ni thin films. Metall Mater Trans A 27(12):3753–3759CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Kim JI, Liu Y, Miyazaki S (2004) Ageing-induced two-stage R-phase transformation in Ti – 50.9at.%Ni. Acta Mater 52(2):487–499CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Zheng Y, Jiang F, Li L, Yang H, Liu Y (2008) Effect of ageing treatment on the transformation behaviour of Ti–50.9 at.% Ni alloy. Acta Mater 56(4):736–745CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Li YF, Mi XJ, Tan J, Gao BD (2009) Thermo-mechanical cyclic transformation behavior of Ti–Ni shape memory alloy wire. Mater Sci Eng A 509(1–2):8–13CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Airoldi G, Rivolta B (1988) Thermal cycling and intermediate R-phase in NiTi system. Phys Scr 37(6):891CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Khelfaoui F, Guénin G (2003) Influence of the recovery and recrystallization processes on the martensitic transformation of cold worked equiatomic Ti–Ni alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 355(1–2):292–298CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Su PC, Wu SK (2004) The four-step multiple stage transformation in deformed and annealed Ti 49 Ni 51 shape memory alloy. Acta Mater 52(5):1117–1122CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    Chang SH, Wu SK, Chang GH (2006) Transformation sequence in severely cold-rolled and annealed Ti 50 Ni 50 alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 438–440:509–512CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. 13.
    Todoroki T, Tamura H (1987) Effect of heat treatment after cold working on the phase transformation in TiNi alloy. Trans Jpn Inst Metals 28(2):83–94CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Chrobak D, Stróż D, Morawiec H (2003) Effect of early stages of precipitation and recovery on the multi-step transformation in deformed and annealed near-equiatomic NiTi alloy. Scr Mater 48(5):571–576CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Yan X, Ge Y, Van Humbeeck J (2015) Influence of Annealing on the Stress-Assisted Two-Way Memory Effect in Cold-Worked NiTi Wire. Adv Eng Mater 17(2):162–166CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Chang SH, Wu SK, Chang GH (2005) Grain size effect on multiple-stage transformations of a cold-rolled and annealed equiatomic TiNi alloy. Scr Mater 52(12):1341–1346CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    Lin HC, Wu SK, Chou TS, Kao HP (1991) The effects of cold rolling on the martensitic transformation of an equiatomic TiNi alloy. Acta Metall Mater 39(9):2069–2080CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    Chrobak D, Morawiec H (2001) Thermodynamic analysis of the martensitic transformation in plastically deformed NiTi alloy. Scr Mater 44(5):725–730CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    Khaleghi F, Khalil-Allafi J, Abbasi-Chianeh V, Noori S (2013) Effect of short-time annealing treatment on the superelastic behavior of cold drawn Ni-rich NiTi shape memory wires. J Alloy Compd 554:32–38CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Peterlechner M, Bokeloh J, Wilde G, Waitz T (2010) Study of relaxation and crystallization kinetics of NiTi made amorphous by repeated cold rolling. Acta Mater 58(20):6637–6648CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    Yu C, Aoun B, Cui L, Liu Y, Yang H, Jiang X, Cai S, Jiang D, Liu Z, Brown DE, Ren Y (2016) Synchrotron high energy X-ray diffraction study of microstructure evolution of severely cold drawn NiTi wire during annealing. Acta Mater 115:35–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. 22.
    Delville R, Malard B, Pilch J, Sittner P, Schryvers D (2010) Microstructure changes during non-conventional heat treatment of thin Ni–Ti wires by pulsed electric current studied by transmission electron microscopy. Acta Mater 58(13):4503–4515CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. 23.
    Prokoshkin S, Brailovski V, Dubinskiy S, Inaekyan K, Kreitcberg A (2016) Gradation of nanostructures in cold-rolled and annealed Ti–Ni shape memory alloys. Shap Mem Superelast 2(1):12–17CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. 24.
    Sergueeva AV, Song C, Valiev RZ, Mukherjee AK (2003) Structure and properties of amorphous and nanocrystalline NiTi prepared by severe plastic deformation and annealing. Mater Sci Eng A 339(1–2):159–165CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    S. Miyazaki, Y. Ohmi, K. Otsuka, Y. Suzuki (1982) Characteristics of deformation and transformation pseudoelasticity in Ti–Ni alloys, J. Phys Colloq 43(C4): C4-255–C4-260Google Scholar
  26. 26.
    Morawiec H, Stróż D, Goryczka T, Chrobak D (1996) Two-stage martensitic transformation in a deformed and annealed NiTi alloy. Scr Mater 35(4):485–490CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. 27.
    Liu Y, Galvin SP (1997) Criteria for pseudoelasticity in near-equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloys. Acta Mater 45(11):4431–4439CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. 28.
    Liu Y, McCormick PG (1994) Thermodynamic analysis of the martensitic transformation in NiTi—I. Effect of heat treatment on transformation behaviour. Acta Metall et Mater 42(7):2401–2406CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. 29.
    Favier D, Liu Y, Orgéas L, Sandel A, Debove L, Comte-Gaz P (2006) Influence of thermomechanical processing on the superelastic properties of a Ni-rich Nitinol shape memory alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 429(1–2):130–136CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. 30.
    Stachowiak GB, McCormick PG (1988) Shape memory behaviour associated with the R and martensitic transformations in a NiTi alloy. Acta Metall 36(2):291–297CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© ASM International 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Abdus Samad Mahmud
    • 1
    • 2
  • Zhigang Wu
    • 1
  • Hong Yang
    • 1
  • Yinong Liu
    • 1
  1. 1.School of Mechanical and Chemical EngineeringThe University of Western AustraliaCrawleyAustralia
  2. 2.School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversiti Sains MalaysiaNibong TebalMalaysia

Personalised recommendations