Does segmental body composition differ in women with Prader–Willi syndrome compared to women with essential obesity?
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Abstract
Background
Subjects with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) have a higher fat mass and a lower fat-free mass compared to subjects with essential obesity. However, few data are presently available on the segmental body composition (BC) of PWS subjects.
Aim
To evaluate whether women with PWS and women with essential obesity, matched for age and percent body fat, differ in segmental fat distribution and surrogate markers of cardiometabolic disease (CMD).
Subjects and methods
35 women with PWS and 50 women with essential obesity were matched for age and percent body fat using coarsened exact matching. BC was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Oral glucose tolerance testing and measurements of cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and blood pressure were performed. Comparisons between PWS and obese women were performed using generalized linear models.
Results
Trunk fat was lower in PWS than in obese women on both absolute [−7.3 (95 % confidence interval −9.4 to −5.2) kg] and relative [−4.1 (−6.9 to −1.4) % of body fat] grounds. PWS and obese women had similar surrogate markers of CMD, with the exception of HDL-cholesterol, which was higher in PWS women.
Conclusion
Trunk fat is lower in obese women with PWS than in those with essential obesity. Surrogate markers of CMD are, however, mostly similar in the two groups.
Keywords
Prader–Willi syndrome Essential obesity Body composition Body fat distribution Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometryNotes
Acknowledgments
The study was supported by Progetti di Ricerca Corrente, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania and Milan, Italy.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
All the procedures performed in this study were approved by the Ethical Committee of the Istituto Auxologico Italiano (Piancavallo, Verbania, Italy) and were in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and the Additional Protocol to the European Convention of Human Rights and Medicine, concerning Biomedical Research 2005.
Informed consent
Written informed consent was obtained from the PWS patients and their parents or guardians. Written consent was also obtained from the women with essential obesity.
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