Be aware that the benefits of biological drugs in multiple sclerosis may be offset by their capacity to cause immunological complications
Drug Reactions and Interactions
First Online:
- 4 Downloads
Abstract
Biological immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) include recombinant proteins (preparations of interferon-β) and monoclonal antibodies (e.g. natalizumab, alemtuzumab, ocrelizumab and off-label rituximab). They have shown unprecedented efficacy in the treatment of MS; however, they are all immunogenic and have been associated with immunological complications, such as neutralizing immunogenicity, secondary immunodeficiency and secondary autoimmunity.
Notes
Compliance with ethical standards
Conflict of interest
The article was adapted from Drug Safety 2019; 42(8):941–56 by employees of Adis International Ltd./Springer Nature, who are responsible for the article content and declare no conflicts of interest.
Funding
The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
References
- 1.Reich DS, Lucchinetti CF, Calabresi PA. Multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(2):169–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 2.Soleimani B, Murray K, Hunt D. Established and emerging immunological complications of biological therapeutics in multiple sclerosis. Drug Saf. 2019;42(8):941–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 3.Kappos L, Li D, Calabresi PA, et al. Ocrelizumab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a phase 2, randomised, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet. 2011;378(9805):1779–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 4.Hauser SL, Belachew S, Kappos L. Ocrelizumab in primary progressive and relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(17):1694.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 5.Hesse D, Sellebjerg F, Sorensen PS. Absence of MxA induction by interferon β in patients with MS reflects complete loss of bioactivity. Neurology. 2009;73(5):372–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 6.Polman CH, Bertolotto A, Deisenhammer F, et al. Recommendations for clinical use of data on neutralising antibodies to interferon-beta therapy in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9(7):740–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 7.Farrell RA, Giovannoni G. Measuring and management of anti-interferon beta antibodies in subjects with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2007;13:567–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 8.Kolb-Maurer A, Goebeler M, Maurer M. Cutaneous adverse events associated with interferon-β treatment of multiple sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16(7):14951–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 9.Vennegoor A, Rispens T, Strijbis EM, et al. Clinical relevance of serum natalizumab concentration and anti-natalizumab antibodies in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2013;19(5):593–600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 10.Clerico M, Artusi CA, Di Liberto A, et al. Long-term safety evaluation of natalizumab for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2017;16(8):963–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 11.Antezana A, Sigal S, Herbert J, et al. Natalizumab-induced hepatic injury: a case report and review of literature. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2015;4(6):495–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 12.Ho PR, Koendgen H, Campbell N, et al. Risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with multiple sclerosis: a retrospective analysis of data from four clinical studies. Lancet Neurol. 2017;16(11):925–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 13.Bloomgren G, Richman S, Hotermans C, et al. Risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(20):1870–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 14.Alping P, Frisell T, Novakova L, et al. Rituximab versus fingolimod after natalizumab in multiple sclerosis patients. Ann Neurol. 2016;79(6):950–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 15.Castela E, Lebrun-Frenay C, Laffon M, et al. Evolution of nevi during treatment with natalizumab: a prospective follow-up of patients treated with natalizumab for multiple sclerosis. Arch Dermatol. 2011;147(1):72–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 16.Dahdaleh D, Altmann DM, Malik O, et al. Breathlessness, night sweats, and weight loss on natalizumab. Lancet. 2012;380(9843):726–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 17.Bergamaschi R, Montomoli C. Melanoma in multiple sclerosis treated with natalizumab: causal association or coincidence? Mult Scler. 2009;15(12):1532–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 18.Dubuisson N, Baker D, Kang AS, et al. Alemtuzumab depletion failure can occur in multiple sclerosis. Immunology. 2018;154(2):253–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 19.Moreau T, Coles A, Wing M, et al. Transient increase in symptoms associated with cytokine release in patients with multiple sclerosis. Brain. 1996;119(Pt 1):225–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 20.Wing MG, Moreau T, Greenwood J, et al. Mechanism of first-dose cytokine-release syndrome by CAMPATH 1-H: involvement of CD16 (FcγRIII) and CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) on NK cells. J Clin Invest. 1996;98(12):2819–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 21.Wing MG, Waldmann H, Isaacs J, et al. Ex-vivo whole blood cultures for predicting cytokine-release syndrome: dependence on target antigen and antibody isotype. Ther Immunol. 1995;2(4):183–90.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- 22.Blasco MR, Ramos A, Malo CG, et al. Acute pneumonitis and pericarditis related to alemtuzumab therapy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. J Neurol. 2017;264(1):168–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 23.Azzopardi L, Thompson SA, Harding KE, et al. Predicting autoimmunity after alemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2014;85(7):795–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 24.CAMMS223 Trial Investigators, Coles AJ, Compston DA, et al. Alemtuzumab vs. interferon beta-1a in early multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(17):1786–801.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 25.Ocrevus® (ocrelizumab): US prescribing information. South San Francisco: Genentech Inc; 2019.Google Scholar
- 26.Dunn N, Juto A, Ryner M, et al. Rituximab in multiple sclerosis: frequency and clinical relevance of anti-drug antibodies. Mult Scler. 2018;24(9):1224–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 27.Kadish R, Robertson D, Sweeney M. Fatal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with multiple sclerosis following treatment with ocrelizumab. Neurology. 2018;90(15 Suppl):5.353.Google Scholar
Copyright information
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019