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Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Compression Ignition Engine Operating on Blends of Castor Oil Biodiesel–Diesel

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Abstract

Diesel vehicles are the nerves and veins of transportation, particularly in developing countries. With the rapid rate of modernization, increasing demand of fuel is inevitable. The exponential increase in fuel prices and the scarcity of its supply from the environment have promoted interest in the development of alternative sources of fuel. In this work, genus Ricinus communis L. was studied in order to delimit their potential as a raw material for biodiesel production. Further, castor oil, ethyl ester were prepared by transesterification using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a catalyst and tested on a four-stroke, single-cylinder compression ignition engine. The test was carried out at a constant speed of 3000 rpm at different loads. The results represent a substantial decrease in carbon monoxide (CO) emission with an increasing biodiesel percentage. The reduction of CO in B05, B10, B15 and B20 averaged 11.75, 22.02, 24.23 and 28.79 %, respectively, compared to mineral diesel. The emission results of the comparative test indicated that CO, oxygen (O2) and smoke density emissions are found to be lower when the engine is filled with B05, B10, B15 and B20 as compared to mineral diesel, while carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) with B05, B10, B15 and B20 are found to increase marginally. Brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption decrease and increase respectively in biodiesel with different blends in comparison of mineral diesel.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India

    Roopesh Kanwar & Pushpendra Kumar Sharma

  2. Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, 382007, Gujarat, India

    Aditya Narayan Singh & Yadvendra Kumar Agrawal

Authors
  1. Roopesh Kanwar
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  2. Pushpendra Kumar Sharma
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  3. Aditya Narayan Singh
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  4. Yadvendra Kumar Agrawal
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Correspondence to Aditya Narayan Singh.

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Kanwar, R., Sharma, P.K., Singh, A.N. et al. Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Compression Ignition Engine Operating on Blends of Castor Oil Biodiesel–Diesel. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. C 98, 147–154 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-016-0243-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-016-0243-z

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