Skip to main content
Log in

A nutraceutical role for cannabidiol. Why not?

A review of its pharmacological properties and clinical applications

  • Editorial
  • Published:
Nutrafoods

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. Bergamaschi MM, Queiroz RH, Zuardi AW, Crippa JA (2011) Safety and side effects of cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent. Curr Drug Saf 6(4):237–449

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Gopalakrishnan R, Sundaram J, Sattu K, Pandi A, Thiruvengadam D (2013) Dietary supplementation of silymarin is associated with decreased cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and activation of detoxification system in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 377(1–2):163–176

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Pagano E, Laudato M, Griffo M, Capasso R (2014) Phytotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia. A minireview. Phytother Res 28(7):949–955

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Byelashov OA, Sinclair AJ, Kaur G (2015) Dietary sources, current intakes, and nutritional role of omega-3 docosapentaenoic acid. Lipid Technol 27(4):79–82

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Himmerich H, Erbguth F (2014) Nutrition and dietary supplements in psychiatric diseases. Nervenarzt 85(12):1512–1520

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Eichler M, Spinedi L, Unfer-Grauwiler S, Bodmer M, Surber C, Luedi M, Drewe J (2012) Heat exposure of Cannabis sativa extracts affects the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profile in healthy male subjects. Planta Med 78(7):686–691

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. De Backer B, Debrus B, Lebrun P, Theunis L, Dubois N, Decock L, Verstraete A, Hubert P, Charlier C (2009) Innovative development and validation of an HPLC/DAD method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of major cannabinoids in cannabis plant material. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 877(32):4115–4124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Desrosiers NA, Himes SK, Scheidweiler KB, Concheiro- Guisan M, Gorelick DA, Huestis MA (2014) Phase I and II cannabinoid disposition in blood and plasma of occasional and frequent smokers following controlled smoked cannabis. Clin Chem 60(4):631–643

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Huestis MA (2005) Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the plant cannabinoids, delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and cannabinol. Handb Exp Pharmacol (168):657–690

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Lee D, Schwope DM, Milman G, Barnes AJ, Gorelick DA, Huestis MA (2012) Cannabinoid disposition in oral fluid after controlled smoked cannabis. Clin Chem 58(4):748–756

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Paudel KS, Hammell DC, Agu RU, Valiveti S, Stinchcomb AL (2010) Cannabidiol bioavailability after nasal and transdermal application: effect of permeation enhancers. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 36(9):1088–1097

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Petitet F, Jeantaud B, Reibaud M, Imperato A, Dubroeucq MC (1998) Complex pharmacology of natural cannabinoids: evidence for partial agonist activity of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and antagonist activity of cannabidiol on rat brain cannabinoid receptors. Life Sci 63(1):PL1–PL6

    Google Scholar 

  13. Karniol IG, Shirakawa I, Kasinski N, Pfeferman A, Carlini EA (1974) Cannabidiol interferes with the effects of delta 9 - tetrahydrocannabinol in man. Eur J Pharmacol 28(1):172–177

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Dalton WS, Martz R, Lemberger L, Rodda BE, Forney RB (1976) Influence of cannabidiol on delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol effects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 19(3):300–309

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Neelakantan H, Tallarida RJ, Reichenbach ZW, Tuma RF, Ward SJ, Walker EA (2015) Distinct interactions of cannabidiol and morphine in three nociceptive behavioral models in mice. Behav Pharmacol 26(3):304–314

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Grotenhermen F. 12th International Conference of the European Industrial Hemp Association 20–21 May 2015, Wesseling near Cologne, Germany

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kozela E, Juknat A, Kaushansky N, Rimmerman N, Ben-Nun A, Vogel Z (2013) Cannabinoids decrease the th17 inflammatory autoimmune phenotype. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 8(5):1265–1276

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Mecha M, Feliú A, Iñigo PM, Mestre L, Carrillo-Salinas FJ, Guaza C (2013) Cannabidiol provides long-lasting protection against the deleterious effects of inflammation in a viral model of multiple sclerosis: a role for A2A receptors. Neurobiol Dis 59:141–150

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Li KI, Feng JY, Li YY, Yuece B, Lin XH, Yu LY, Li YN, Feng YJ, Storr M (2013) Anti-inflammatory role of cannabidiol and O-1602 in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. Pancreas 42(1):123–129

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Ribeiro A, Ferraz-de-Paula V, Pinheiro ML, Vitoretti LB, Mariano-Souza DP, Quinteiro-Filho WM, Akamine AT, Almeida VI, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F, Hallak JE, Zuardi AW, Crippa JA, Palermo-Neto J (2012) Cannabidiol, a non-psychotropic plant-derived cannabinoid, decreases inflammation in a murine model of acute lung injury: role for the adenosine A(2A) receptor. Eur J Pharmacol 678(1–3):78–85

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Zuardi AW, Shirakawa I, Finkelfarb E, Karniol IG (1982) Action of cannabidiol on the anxiety and other effects produced by delta 9-THC in normal subjects. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 76(3):245–250

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Bisogno T, Hanus L, De Petrocellis L, Tchilibon S, Ponde DE, Brandi I, Moriello AS, Davis JB, Mechoulam R, Di Marzo V (2001) Molecular targets for cannabidiol and its synthetic analogues: effect on vanilloid VR1 receptors and on the cellular uptake and enzymatic hydrolysis of anandamide. Br J Pharmacol 134(4):845–852

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Morelli MB, Offidani M, Alesiani F, Discepoli G, Liberati S, Olivieri A, Santoni M, Santoni G, Leoni P, Nabissi M (2014) The effects of cannabidiol and its synergism with bortezomib in multiple myeloma cell lines. A role for transient receptor potential vanilloid type-2. Int J Cancer 134(11): 2534–2546

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Nabissi M, Morelli MB, Amantini C, Liberati S, Santoni M, Ricci-Vitiani L, Pallini R, Santoni G (2015) Cannabidiol stimulates Aml-1a-dependent glial differentiation and inhibits glioma stem-like cells proliferation by inducing autophagy in a TRPV2-dependent manner. Int J Cancer. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29573

    Google Scholar 

  25. Mechoulam R, Parker LA, Gallily R (2002) Cannabidiol: an overview of some pharmacological aspects. J Clin Pharmacol 42(11 Suppl):11S–19S

    Google Scholar 

  26. Xiong W, Cui T, Cheng K, Yang F, Chen SR, Willenbring D, Guan Y, Pan HL, Ren K, Xu Y, Zhang L (2012) Cannabinoids suppress inflammatory and neuropathic pain by targeting a3 glycine receptors. J Exp Med 209(6):1121–1134

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Malfait AM, Gallily R, Sumariwalla PF, Malik AS, Andreakos E, Mechoulam R, Feldmann M (2000) The non-psychoactive cannabis constituent cannabidiol is an oral anti-arthritic therapeutic in murine collagen-induced arthritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97(17):9561–9566

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Russo EB, Burnett A, Hall B, Parker KK (2005) Agonistic properties of cannabidiol at 5-HT1a receptors. Neurochem Res 30(8):1037–1043

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hampson AJ, Grimaldi M, Axelrod J, Wink D (1998) Cannabidiol and (-)Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol are neuroprotective antioxidants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(14): 8268–8273

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Li K, Fichna J, Schicho R, Saur D, Bashashati M, Mackie K, Li Y, Zimmer A, Göke B, Sharkey KA, Storr M (2013) A role for O-1602 and G protein-coupled receptor GPR55 in the control of colonic motility in mice. Neuropharmacology 71:255–263

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Cunha JM, Carlini EA, Pereira AE, Ramos OL, Pimentel C, Gagliardi R, Sanvito WL, Lander N, Mechoulam R (1980) Chronic administration of cannabidiol to healthy volunteers and epileptic patients. Pharmacology 21(3):175–185

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Carlini EA, Cunha JM (1981) Hypnotic and antiepileptic effects of cannabidiol. J Clin Pharmacol 21(8–9 Suppl): 417S–427S

    Google Scholar 

  33. American Epilepsy Society (AES) 68th Annual Meeting. December 5–9, 2014, Seattle, Washington, USA

  34. Zuardi AW, Cosme RA, Graeff FG, Guimarães FS (1993) Effects of ipsapirone and cannabidiol on human experimental anxiety. J Psychopharmacol 7(1 Suppl):82–88

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Bergamaschi MM, Queiroz RH, Chagas MH, de Oliveira DC, De Martinis BS, Kapczinski F, Quevedo J, Roesler R, Schröder N, Nardi AE, Martín-Santos R, Hallak JE, Zuardi AW, Crippa JA (2011) Cannabidiol reduces the anxiety induced by simulated public speaking in treatment-naïve social phobia patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 36(6): 1219–1226

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Crippa JA, Derenusson GN, Ferrari TB, Wichert-Ana L, Duran FL, Martin-Santos R, Simões MV, Bhattacharyya S, Fusar-Poli P, Atakan Z, Santos Filho A, Freitas-Ferrari MC, McGuire PK, Zuardi AW, Busatto GF, Hallak JE (2011) Neural basis of anxiolytic effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in generalized social anxiety disorder: a preliminary report. J Psychopharmacol 25(1):121–130

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Zuardi AW, Crippa JA, Hallak JE, Pinto JP, Chagas MH, Rodrigues GG, Dursun SM, Tumas V (2009) Cannabidiol for the treatment of psychosis in Parkinson’s disease. J Psychopharmacol 23(8):979–983

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Leweke FM, Piomelli D, Pahlisch F, Muhl D, Gerth CW, Hoyer C, Klosterkötter J, Hellmich M, Koethe D (2012) Cannabidiol enhances anandamide signaling and alleviates psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2:e94

  39. Consroe P, Sandyk R, Snider SR (1986) Open label evaluation of cannabidiol in dystonic movement disorders. Int J Neurosci 30(4):277–282

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Crippa JA, Hallak JE, Machado-de-Sousa JP, Queiroz RH, Bergamaschi M, Chagas MH, Zuardi AW (2013) Cannabidiol for the treatment of cannabis withdrawal syndrome: a case report. J Clin Pharm Ther 38(2):162–164

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Chagas MH, Crippa JA, Zuardi AW, Hallak JE, Machado-de-Sousa JP, Hirotsu C, Maia L, Tufik S, Andersen ML (2013) Effects of acute systemic administration of cannabidiol on sleep-wake cycle in rats. J Psychopharmacol 27(3):312–316

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Chagas MH, Eckeli AL, Zuardi AW, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira-Neto MA, Sobreira ET, Camilo MR, Bergamaschi MM, Schenck CH, Hallak JE, Tumas V, Crippa JA (2014) Cannabidiol can improve complex sleep-related behaviours associated with rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder in Parkinson’s disease patients: a case series. J Clin Pharm Ther 39(5):564–566

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Nicholson AN, Turner C, Stone BM, Robson PJ (2004) Effect of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol on nocturnal sleep and early-morning behavior in young adults. J Clin Psychopharmacol 24(3):305–313

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Jiang R, Yamaori S, Okamoto Y, Yamamoto I, Watanabe K (2013) Cannabidiol is a potent inhibitor of the catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 2C19. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 28(4):332–338

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Yamaori S, Koeda K, Kushihara M, Hada Y, Yamamoto I, Watanabe K (2012) Comparison in the in vitro inhibitory effects of major phytocannabinoids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contained in marijuana smoke on cytochrome P450 2C9 activity. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 27(3):294–300

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Gallily R, Yekhtin Z, Hanuš LO (2015) Overcoming the bellshaped dose-response of cannabidiol by using cannabis extract enriched in cannabidiol. Pharmacol Pharm 6:75–85

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Borrelli F, Fasolino I, Romano B, Capasso R, Maiello F, Coppola D, Orlando P, Battista G, Pagano E, Di Marzo V, Izzo AA (2013) Beneficial effect of the non-psychotropic plant cannabinoid cannabigerol on experimental inflammatory bowel disease. Biochem Pharmacol 85(9):1306–1316

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Gertsch J, Leonti M, Raduner S, Racz I, Chen JZ, Xie XQ, Altmann KH, Karsak M, Zimmer A (2008) Beta-caryophyllene is a dietary cannabinoid. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105(26):9099–9104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Katsuyama S, Mizoguchi H, Kuwahata H, Komatsu T, Nagaoka K, Nakamura H, Bagetta G, Sakurada T, Sakurada S (2013) Involvement of peripheral cannabinoid and opioid receptors in β-caryophyllene-induced antinociception. Eur J Pain 17(5):664–675

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Di Pierro, F. A nutraceutical role for cannabidiol. Why not?. Nutrafoods 14, 111–117 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13749-015-0037-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13749-015-0037-6

Navigation