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Dry Sliding Wear of Laser-Clad High-Vanadium Crucible Powder Metallurgy (CPM) 3V, 9V, and 15V Tool Steel Coatings

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Abstract

Dry sliding wear of laser-clad high-vanadium Crucible Powder Metallurgy (CPM) 3V, 9V, and 15V tool steel coatings was investigated in “as-clad” and “heat-treated” conditions against cemented WC-6%Co ball, where a hardened wrought AISI H13 hot-work tool steel substrate was used as a baseline for comparison. The 15V coating demonstrated a superior sliding wear resistance; the 9V coating possessed a better sliding wear resistance than the 3V coating, but was inferior to the 15V coating, and all the laser-clad CPM coatings showed a better sliding wear resistance than the hardened H13 substrate. The sliding wear resistances of the 3V and 15V coatings were further improved after double tempering at 540 and 550 °C (corresponding to their respective “secondary hardening”), respectively. By contrast, the sliding wear resistance of the 9V coating after double tempering at 550 °C (beyond its “secondary hardening” temperature) was slightly dropped instead, ascribed to the reduced hardness. The microstructures of the coatings, the morphologies, and chemical compositions of the worn surfaces were studied, revealing that the adhesion and oxidation played important roles in the dry sliding wear, depending upon the hardness of the martensitic matrices of the coatings and the morphologies and amount of (V, Cr)8C7 vanadium carbides dispersed on the matrices.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Mr. J. Fenner and Mr. M. Meinert, Technical Officers, NRC-AST-London, for the preparation of the test coupons for dry sliding wear tests, and also highly appreciated Dr. J. Jiang, Senior Research Officer, NRC-EME-Vancouver, for his very insightful comments on our wear test results during the preparation of this manuscript.

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  1. Automotive and Surface Transportation Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 800 Collip Circle, London, ON, N6G 4X8, Canada

    Jianyin Chen, Shaodong Wang & Lijue Xue

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  1. Jianyin Chen
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Correspondence to Jianyin Chen.

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Chen, J., Wang, S. & Xue, L. Dry Sliding Wear of Laser-Clad High-Vanadium Crucible Powder Metallurgy (CPM) 3V, 9V, and 15V Tool Steel Coatings. Metallogr. Microstruct. Anal. 8, 693–704 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13632-019-00577-6

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