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Evaluation of antioxidant, antidiabetic and antibacterial activities of the fruit of Sonneratia apetala (Buch.-Ham.)

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Abstract

The mangrove fruit Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. is extensively consumed by the people of coastal Bangladesh especially adjacent to the Sundarbans’ forest. Seeds consist of very high content of polyphenols (300 ± 8.2 mg GAE/g extract), flavonoids (30.6 ± 0.7 CE/g extract), anthocyanins (2.3 ± 0.03 μmol/g extract) and vitamin C (4.0 ± 0.08 mg/g extract). The IC50 values for DPPH and NO free radical scavenging were 4.3 and 49.4 μg/mL for seed extract and that for pericarp extract were 59.8 and 751.6 μg/mL respectively. Seed extract also showed very high reducing power (O.D. 1.14 at 50 μg/mL extract) and total antioxidant capacity (280.8 GAE or 310.24 AAE/g extract). In streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 2 diabetes rats, seed extract treated group showed serum glucose decreased from 13.75 ± 2.21 mmol/L (at 30 min) to 10.3 ± 1.75 mmol/L (at 135 min) and in the pericarp treated group from 14.36 ± 2.16 to 11.32 ± 1.74 mmol/L. The area under the glucose curve was more profoundly decreased in the seed treated group than the pericarp treated group. Susceptibility test showed that seed extract inhibited the growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, fruits of S. apetala, especially its seeds are functionally rich with phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant, antidiabetic and antibacterial compounds.

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Acknowledgment

This research work was partially supported by the grants from the Ministry of Science and Information & Communication Technology, Govt. of Bangladesh in 2009, and Khulna University Research Cell (KURC) in 2010, which are gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh

    S. J. Hossain, M. H. Basar, K. M. T. Arif, M. S. Sultana & M. H. Rahman

  2. Department of Pharmacology, BIRDEM, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    B. Rokeya

  3. Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, 1342, Bangladesh

    M. H. Rahman

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  1. S. J. Hossain
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  2. M. H. Basar
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  3. B. Rokeya
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  5. M. S. Sultana
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  6. M. H. Rahman
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Correspondence to S. J. Hossain.

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Hossain, S.J., Basar, M.H., Rokeya, B. et al. Evaluation of antioxidant, antidiabetic and antibacterial activities of the fruit of Sonneratia apetala (Buch.-Ham.). Orient Pharm Exp Med 13, 95–102 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-012-0064-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-012-0064-4

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