Réanimation

, Volume 24, Issue 1, pp 37–45 | Cite as

La ventilation non invasive en chirurgie pulmonaire

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Résumé

La ventilation non invasive (VNI) est fréquemment utilisée en périopératoire de chirurgie pulmonaire. Son efficacité est démontrée dans le traitement des insuffisances respiratoires aiguës (IRA) postopératoires. Elle permet de diminuer significativement les réintubations et la mortalité. La prévention des complications respiratoires et de l’IRA est un enjeu très important. Les études réalisées n’ont pas réussi à démontrer l’efficacité de la VNI, qu’elle soit débutée en postopératoire immédiat ou en préopératoire. Des études restent nécessaires pour préciser au mieux quels patients pourraient en bénéficier. En transplantation pulmonaire, la VNI occupe aussi une place importante en relais post-extubation et dans la prise en charge des IRA pré- ou postopératoires.

Mots clés

Ventilation non invasive Insuffisance respiratoire aiguë Transplantation pulmonaire Chirurgie pulmonaire 

Non invasive ventilation and lung surgery

Abstract

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is frequently used after lung surgery. The clinical benefit was demonstrated in case of postoperative acute respiratory failure: it allows to significantly reduce the intubation and mortality rates. Prevention of respiratory complications and failure is a main target in lung surgery, but the available studies failed to demonstrate the efficacy of NIV in this indication. Further studies are needed to better define the group of patients who may benefit from a strategy based on NIV. In lung transplantation, NIV is an efficient technique for weaning, avoiding reintubation after extubation and in patients with postoperative acute respiratory failure.

Keywords

Non-invasive ventilation Acute respiratory failure Lung transplantation Lung surgery 
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Copyright information

© Société de réanimation de langue française (SRLF) and Springer-Verlag France 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Unité de soins intensifs respiratoireshôpital FochSuresnes cedexFrance

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