Investigating kindergarteners’ number sense and self-regulation scores in relation to their mathematics and Turkish scores in middle school
- 439 Downloads
- 3 Citations
Abstract
Number sense and self-regulation are considered foundational skills for later school learning. This study aimed to investigate the predictive power of kindergarten children’s number sense and self-regulation scores on their mathematics and Turkish language examination scores in the 5th and 6th grades. The participants in this study were 5th grade (n = 46) and 6th grade (n = 28) students, whose number sense and self-regulation skills were measured when they were in kindergarten in 2009 and 2010. Data were analyzed through multiple regression. The results showed positive and mid-level correlations. The children’s kindergarten number sense and self-regulation scores significantly predicted their 5th and 6th grade mathematics and Turkish language examination scores. Self-regulation was the stronger predictor of mathematics scores, whereas number sense scores were the better predictor of Turkish language examination scores. The findings from this study provide further evidence as to the critical role of children’s early skills in middle school mathematics and language achievement.
Keywords
Number sense Early mathematics Self-regulation School achievementReferences
- Anthony, G., Mclachla, C., & Lim Fock Poh, R. (2015). Narrative assessment: making mathematics learning visible in early childhood settings. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 27(3), 385–400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Aubrey, C., Dahl, S., & Godfrey, R. (2006). Early mathematics development and later achievement: further evidence. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 18(1), 27–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Aunio, P., & Niemivirta, M. (2010). Predicting children’s mathematical performance in grade one by early numeracy. Learning and Individual Differences, 20, 427–435.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Baroody, A. (2006). Why children have difficulties: mastering basic number combination and how to help them. Teaching Children Mathematics. 13(1), 22–31.Google Scholar
- Baroody, A., & Wilkins, J. L. M. (1999). The development of informal counting, number, and arithmetic skills and concepts. In J. V. Copley (Ed.), Mathematics in the early years (pp. 48–65). Washington: National Association for the Education of Young Children.Google Scholar
- Berch, D. B. (2005). Making sense of number sense: implications for children with mathematical disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 38(4), 333–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Birgisdóttir, F., Gestsdóttir, S., & Thorsdóttir, F. (2015). The role of behavioral self-regulation in learning to read: a 2-year longitudinal study of Icelandic preschool children. Early Education and Development, 26(5,6), 807–828.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Blair, C. (2003). Behavioral inhibition and behavioral activation in young children: relations with self-regulation and adaptation to preschool in children attending head start. Developmental Psychobiology, 42, 301–311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Blair, C., & Diamond, A. (2008). Biological processes in prevention and intervention: the promotion of self-regulation as a means of preventing school failure. Development and Psychopathology, 20(3), 899–911.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Blair, C., & Razza, R. P. (2007). Relating effortful control, executive function, and false belief understanding to emerging math and literacy ability in kindergarten. Child Development, 78, 647–663.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Bronson, M. B. (2000). Recognizing and supporting the development of self-regulation in young children. Young Children, 32-37.Google Scholar
- Bull, R., & Scerif, G. (2001). Executive functioning as a predictor of children’s mathematics ability: inhibition, switching, and working memory. Developmental Neuropsychology, 19(3), 273–293.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Butterworth, B. (2005). The development of arithmetical abilities. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46(1), 3–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Claessens, A., Duncan, G., & Engel, M. (2009). Kindergarten skills and fifth-grade achievement: evidence from the ECLS-K. Economics of Education Review, 28, 415–427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Claessens, A., & Engel, M. (2013). How important is where you start? Early mathematics knowledge and later school success. Teachers College Record, 115, 1–29.Google Scholar
- Diamond, A., & Lee, K. (2011). Interventions shown to aid executive function development in children 4 to 12 years old. Science, 333, 959–964.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Duncan, G. J., Dowsett, C. J., Claessens, A., Magnuson, K., Huston, A. C., Klebanov, P., et al. (2007). School readiness and later achievement. Developmental Psychology, 43, 1428–1446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Garon, N., Bryson, S. E., & Smith, I. M. (2008). Executive function in preschoolers: a review using an integrative framework. Psychological Bulletin, 134(1), 31–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Gelman, R., & Gallistel, C. R. (1978). The child’s understanding of number. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
- Gersten, R., & Chard, D. (1999). Number sense: rethinking arithmetic instruction for students with mathematical disabilities. The Journal of Special Education, 33(1), 18–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Ginsburg, H. P. (2006). Mathematical play and playful mathematics: a guide for early education. In D. G. Singer, R. M. Golinkoff, & K. Hirsh-Pasek (Eds.), Play = learning: how play motivates and enhances children’s cognitive and social-emotional growth (pp. 145-165). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Ivrendi, A. (2011). Influence of self-regulation on the development of children’s number sense. Early Childhood Education Journal, 39, 239–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Jordan, N. C., Kaplan, D., Ola’H, L. N., & Locuniak, M. N. (2006). Number sense growth in kindergarten: a longitudinal investigation of children at risk for mathematics difficulties. Child Development, 77(1), 153–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Jordan, N. C., Kaplan, D., Ramineni, C., & Locuniak, M. N. (2009). Early math matters: kindergarten number competence and later mathematics outcomes. Developmental Psychology, 45(3), 850–867.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Karasar, N. (2013). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. [Scientific Research Methodology]. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.Google Scholar
- Lipton, J. S., & Spelke, E. S. (2003). Origins of number sense: large number discrimination in human infants. Psychological Science, 14, 396–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Locuniak, M. N., & Jordan, N. C. (2008). Using kindergarten number sense to predict calculation fluency in. second grade. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 41(5), 451–459.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- McClelland, M. M., & Cameron Ponitz, C. E. (2012). Self-regulation in early childhood: improving conceptual clarity and developing ecologically valid measures. Child Development Perspectives, 6(2), 136–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- McClelland, M. M., Acock, A. C., & Morrison, F. J. (2006). The impact of kindergarten learning-related skills on academic trajectories at the end of elementary school. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 21, 471–490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Ministry of National Education (MONE) (2009). Primary school mathematics curriculum (1.-5 grades). Ankara Devlet Kitapları Basımevi.Google Scholar
- Ministry of National Education (MONE). (2013). Preschool education curriculum. Ankara: MEB.Google Scholar
- Mulligan, J., & Mitchelmore, M. (2009). Awareness of pattern and structure in early mathematical development. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 21(2), 33–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston: NCTM.Google Scholar
- Papic, M. M., Mulligan, J. T., & Mitchelmore, M. C. (2011). Assessing the development of preschoolers’ mathematical patterning. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 42(3), 237–268.Google Scholar
- Perry, B. Dockett, S., & Harley, E. (2007). Learning stories and children’s powerful mathematics. Early Childhood Research and Practice, 9(2). http://ecrp.illinois.edu/ Accessed 1 July 2016.
- Ponitz, C. C., McClelland, M. M., Jewkes, A. M., Connor, C. M., Farris, C. L., & Morrison, F. J. (2008). Touch your toes! Developing a direct measure of behavioral regulation in early childhood. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 43, 141–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Sarama, J., Lange, A., Clements, D. H., & Wolfe, C. B. (2012). The impacts of an early mathematics curriculum on emerging literacy and language. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 27, 489–502.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Siegler, R. S., & Booth, J. L. (2004). Development of numerical estimation in young children. Child Development, 75, 428–444.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Valiente, C., Eisenberg, N., Haugen, R., Spinrad, T. L., Hofer, C., Liew, J., & Kupfer, A. (2011). Children’s effortful control and academic achievement: mediation through social functioning. Early Education Development, 22(3), 411–433.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Wakefield, A. P., & Ivrendi, A. (2008). Unpublished work about children’s number sense.Google Scholar
- Whitebread, D., & Basilio, M. (2012). The emergence and early development of self-regulation in young children. Profesorado: Revista de Curriculum y Formacion del Profesorado, 16(1), 16–33.Google Scholar
- Whitebread, D., Bingham, S., Grau, V., Pasternak, D. P., & Sangster, C. (2007). Development of meta-cognition and self-regulated learning in young children: role of collaborative and peer-assisted learning. Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 6(3), 433–455.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Xu, F., & Arriaga, R. I. (2007). Number discrimination in 10-month-old infants. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 25(1), 103–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar