Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering

, Volume 40, Issue 3, pp 705–717 | Cite as

Mechanical and Durability Behaviour of Structural Lightweight Concrete Produced with Volcanic Scoria

Research Article - Civil Engineering
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

In this paper, the mechanical and long-term durability behaviour of structural lightweight concrete (LWC) produced with natural lightweight scoria aggregate (LWSA) from the Azores is analysed. Among the properties studied are the compressive and tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, shrinkage, capillary absorption, carbonation and chloride resistance. To this end, a comprehensive experimental study was carried out on different concrete compositions involving common and high-performance structural concrete produced with coarse or coarse and fine volcanic scoria aggregate. Generally, all the mechanical properties worsened with the incorporation of LWSA. It is concluded that the most efficient LWC with LWSA can attain compressive strength up to about 35 MPa. On the other hand, the production of LWC of more than 50 MPa implies a marked reduction in compressive strength for a small reduction in density. The long-term shrinkage increased with the replacement of normal-weight aggregate by LWA and was higher when coarse and fine scoria were used. However, the early age shrinkage can be counterbalanced by the internal curing effect provided by LWSA. The capillary absorption, chloride and carbonation resistance were affected by the high porosity of LWSA. The absence of the outer shell in scoria aggregate and the surface effects during tests can partly explain the lower performance of the LWC. Nevertheless, it is shown that LWC with scoria can be durable, and even for low- to moderate-strength LWC the corrosion induced by carbonation may not be relevant.

Keywords

Lightweight concrete Scoria Dry shrinkage Carbonation resistance Chloride penetration 

Abbreviations

LWA

Lightweight aggregates

LWSA

Lightweight scoria aggregate

LWC

Lightweight concrete

NA

Normal-weight aggregates

NWC

Normal-weight concrete

LWCSC

Lightweight concrete produced with coarse scoria aggregate and natural sand

LWCFSC

Lightweight concrete produced with coarse and fine scoria aggregates

CG

Coarse gravel

FG

Fine gravel

CS

Coarse natural sand

FS

Fine natural sand

CBA

Coarse bagacina aggregate

FBA

Fine bagacina aggregate

fL

Limit strength

fcs

Ceiling strength

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Copyright information

© King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.DECivil/ICIST, Instituto Superior TécnicoTechnical University of LisbonLisbonPortugal

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