A New Pulse Width Modulation Technique for Inverters
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Abstract
The pulse width modulation (PWM) technique is a method to control the modern power electronics circuits. The basic idea is to control the duty cycles of the switches in such a way that a load sees a controllable average voltage. In this paper, for single-phase and three-phase inverters, a new modulation method based on PWM technique is proposed. The proposed method can generate the desired output voltages from regulated and unregulated input voltage. In three-phase inverters, using the proposed control method, it is possible to produce the desired balanced and unbalanced output voltages. Low value of total harmonics distortion and elimination of low-order harmonics are other advantages of the proposed control method. The simulation and experimental results of single-phase and three-phase inverters are used to prove the correctness operation of proposed control method in generation of desired output voltages.
Keywords
Single-phase inverter Three-phase inverter Pulse width modulation Regulated and unregulated input voltage Balanced and unbalanced operationList of symbols
- Eoff,k
The turn-off loss of the switch k
- Eoff,ki
The energy loss of the switch k during the ith turning-off
- Eon,k
The turn-on loss of the switch k
- Eon,ki
The energy loss of the switch k during the ith turning-on
- fi
Input frequency
- fs
Switching frequency
- fo
Output frequency
- ii
Input current
- I
The current through the switch before turning off
- Idc
Average of the input current
- I′
The current through the switch after turning on
- ia, ib and ic
Output currents
- io
Instantaneous output current
- Im
Peak value of the fundamental component of the output current
- L
Inductance of the load
- m
Switching pattern
- max [−vdc (t)]
Input voltage lower band
- min [vdc (t)]
Input voltage upper band
- Non,k
The number of turning on and off the switch k during a fundamental cycle
- Noff,k
The number of turning on and off the switch k during a fundamental cycle
- Pc
Conduction Loss of the inverter
- Pin
The input power of the inverter
- Ploss
The total loss of the inverter
- Pout
The output power of the inverter
- Psw
The switching power loss
- R
Resistance of the load
- RD
The equivalent resistance of the diode
- RT
The equivalent resistance of the transistor
- Sk
kth switch
- \({t_k^i }\)
kth time interval in ith sequence
- toff
The turn-off time of the switch
- ton
The turn-on time of the switch
- Ts
Sampling time
- va, vb and vc
Output phases voltages
- vab, vbc and vca
Output lines voltages
- vdc
Instantaneous input voltage
- vo (t)
Instantaneous output voltage
- Vam
Peak value of the output phase voltage v a
- Vbm
Peak value of the output phase voltage v b
- Vcm
Peak value of the output phase voltage v c
- Vdc
Value of regulated dc voltage
- VD
The forward voltage drop on the diode
- Vm
Peak value of output voltage
- Vr
Peak value of the input voltage ripple
- Vsw,k
The off-state voltage on the switch k
- VT
The forward voltage drop on the transistor
- x(t)
Number of conducting transistors at instant t
- y(t)
Number of conducting diodes at instant t
- t
Time
- β
A constant related to the specification of the transistor
- ϕo
Phase difference between the output voltage and current
- η
The efficiency of the inverter
- λb
Unbalanced coefficient of the phase b
- λc
Unbalanced coefficient of the phase c
- ωo
Angular frequency of output voltage
- ωr
Angular frequency of ripple of input voltage
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