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Electrolyzed hydrogen-rich water for oxidative stress suppression and improvement of insulin resistance: a multicenter prospective double-blind randomized control trial

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Abstract

Introduction

Electrolyzed hydrogen-rich water (EHW) is known to have suppressive effects on oxidative stress (OS). However, its benefit in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of EHW on T2DM.

Methods

This was a multicenter, prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of 50 patients with T2DM who were assigned to the EHW or filtered water (FW) groups. The primary endpoint was changes in insulin resistance (IR) evaluated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). OS markers such as urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine excretion (8-OHdG), plasma diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROM), and plasma biological antioxidant potential (BAP) and other clinical data, including serum lactate concentration (lactate), were evaluated.

Results

There were no significant differences in the changes in HOMA-IR between the EHW and FW groups. However, lactate levels decreased significantly in the EHW group, and this decrease was significantly correlated with a reduction in HOMA-IR, fasting plasma glucose, and fasting plasma insulin level. Serum lactate level also significantly correlated to decreased insulin bolus secretion after 90 min with glucose loading in the EHW subjects with HOMA-IR > 1.73. No EHW treatment-related adverse effects were observed.

Conclusion

There were no significant effect of EHW in the change in HOMA-IR in this study; larger-scale and longer-term study are needed to verify the effects of EHW in T2DM patients.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the clinical support of the nurses for their help with preparing the 75-g OGTT and for their expert assistance in the preparation of the sampling and preservation of the blood and urine. We also wish to thank all the participants for their efforts in drinking the water and sampling. We also thank all members of the staff who helped us in this study. YO and SK are employees of Nihon Trim Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). The authors declare that there are no other conflicts of interest.

Funding

This study was funded by the Nihon Trim Co. Ltd. The funder was not involved in the study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; and the decision to submit the article for publication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Research in Student Support, Section of Clinical Medicine, Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

    Susumu Ogawa

  2. Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan

    Susumu Ogawa, Kazuhiro Nako & Sadayoshi Ito

  3. Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

    Yusuke Ohsaki

  4. Nihon Trim Co., Ltd, Osaka, Japan

    Yusuke Ohsaki & Shigeru Kabayama

  5. Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan

    Manami Shimizu

  6. Tohoku Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan

    Masashi Okamura & Yasuhisa Tanaka

  7. Iwate Prefectural Takata Hospital, Rikuzentakata, Japan

    Kiyoshi Tabata

Authors
  1. Susumu Ogawa
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  2. Yusuke Ohsaki
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  3. Manami Shimizu
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  4. Kazuhiro Nako
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  5. Masashi Okamura
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  6. Shigeru Kabayama
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  7. Kiyoshi Tabata
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  8. Yasuhisa Tanaka
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  9. Sadayoshi Ito
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Contributions

SO had full access to all the data in this study and made the decision to submit for publication. SO, MS, KN, MO, KT, and YT contributed to participant recruitment. SO wrote the manuscript and researched the data; MS, KN, and MO contributed to the discussion and researched the data. SI reviewed and edited the manuscript. The references and the EHW and placebo apparatus used were prepared by SK and YO.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Susumu Ogawa.

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Cite this article

Ogawa, S., Ohsaki, Y., Shimizu, M. et al. Electrolyzed hydrogen-rich water for oxidative stress suppression and improvement of insulin resistance: a multicenter prospective double-blind randomized control trial. Diabetol Int 13, 209–219 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-021-00524-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-021-00524-3

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