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Factors influencing suppressiveness of soils to powdery scab of potato

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Abstract

Powdery scab, caused by Spongospora subterranea, is an important potato disease. Greenhouse experiments in 2017/18 and 2018/19 on (very susceptible) ‘Agria’ seed tubers assessed if field-collected soils had different powdery scab-suppressive capabilities and identified factors involved in disease suppression. 2017/18: 12 geographically diverse soils with either S. subterranea added at planting or not added; 2018/19: six single-type soils used, to determine if powdery scab suppression was ‘general’, or ‘specific’ (transferable; possibly involving microorganisms), and if suppression was associated with soil physical, chemical, or biological factors (bacteria/fungi). For both seasons, S. subterranea soil ammendment increased scab severity on harvested tubers in all soils but one. Powdery scab severity (percent tubers with > 5% surface area covered by scabs) ranged from 0 to 39%. Soil texture, pH, soil organic matter and nutrient contents were associated with powdery scab incidence for some soils but not others. Effects of previous crop rotations on powdery scab were variable: one soil with three recent previous potato crops in rotation was disease-suppressive. All 2018/19 soils displayed some microbe-mediated disease suppression, three being more suppressive than others. Two had possible ‘specific’ Spongospora suppression (less disease when added to the conducive soil). Thus Spongospora-suppressive soils are present in New Zealand, and abiotic and biotic soil factors influenced incidence/severity of powdery scab of potato.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited (Hort Innovation), with co-investment from Potatoes New Zealand Incorporated. We thank vegetable growers’ who gave us permission to collect soils from their fields. Dr Kathy Ophel-Keller, Russell Burns and Danielle Giblot-Ducray (South Australian Research and Development Institute) provided soil tests for potato pathogen DNA, and Ngaire Foster (Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research) carried out soil respiration tests, microbial biomass-C and -N measurements, and soil particle size determinations. Dr Farhat Shah prepared Spongospora subterranea inoculum for experiments; Shea Addison and Robyn White assisted with the DNA extractions; and Moe Jeram gave technical support.

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  1. The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Cronin Road, RD1, Pukekohe, 2076, New Zealand

    P. J. Wright

  2. The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, PB 4704, Lincoln, New Zealand

    R. E. Falloon, C. Anderson, R. A. Frampton & D. Curtin

  3. The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, PB 11600, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand

    D. Hedderley

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Wright, P.J., Falloon, R.E., Anderson, C. et al. Factors influencing suppressiveness of soils to powdery scab of potato. Australasian Plant Pathol. 50, 715–728 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-021-00822-z

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