Annals of Microbiology

, Volume 64, Issue 1, pp 199–207 | Cite as

Diversity of bacteria and polyketide synthase associated with marine sponge Haliclona sp.

  • Shams Tabrez Khan
  • Javed Musarrat
  • Abdulaziz A. Alkhedhairy
  • Shinya Kazuo
Original Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

The microbial community associated with a marine sponge (Haliclona sp.) collected from Tateyama city, Japan was studied using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. Two DNA templates were prepared using methods recommended for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in the Qiagen kit manual. From each DNA template, two 16S rRNA genes were PCR amplified, using the combination of universal bacterial primer 27f and primers 1385r and 1492r, respectively. A total of 347 clones were sequenced and compared with those available in DNA data banks. These sequences were members of ten bacterial phyla. Interestingly, more than 30 % of the clones represent novel sequences. A comparison of these sequences with sequences in a library prepared from DNA extracted from the surrounding water shows minimum DNA contamination. Taxonomically, the highest diversity was detected in the clone library prepared using a combination of primers 27f and 1492r and DNA isolated using the Gram-positive bacteria protocol. The potential of Haliclona sp.-associated bacteria to produce secondary metabolites was studied by cloning and sequencing the polyketide synthase (PKS, type 1) gene using the same DNA samples. Analysis of partial sequences derived from the sponge metagenome revealed 27 unique ketosynthase domains of PKS type I. This study suggests strongly that this Haliclona sp. plays host to diverse novel bacteria with a potential to produce novel polyketides.

Keywords

Marine sponge Polyketide synthase Haliclona sp. Bacterial diversity 

Notes

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Mr Takeshi Fujiwara, and the staff at OP BIO FACTORY, for their help in collecting and identifying the sponge sample.

Supplementary material

13213_2013_652_MOESM1_ESM.docx (105 kb)
ESM Fig. 1(DOCX 105 kb)

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg and the University of Milan 2013

Authors and Affiliations

  • Shams Tabrez Khan
    • 1
    • 2
  • Javed Musarrat
    • 3
  • Abdulaziz A. Alkhedhairy
    • 1
  • Shinya Kazuo
    • 2
  1. 1.Abdul Rahman Al-Jeraisy Chair for DNA Research, Zoology Department, College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
  2. 2.Biomedicinal Information Research Center (BIRC)National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)TokyoJapan
  3. 3.Department of Microbiology, Faculty of AgricultureAligarh Muslim UniversityAMU AligarhIndia

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