Abstract
An actinobacterium strain designated as MN 9(V) was isolated from solitary wasp mud nest obtained from the walls of buildings located in Dehradun, India. MN 9(V) was subjected to polyphasic taxonomic characterization. The organism produced light-grey aerial mycelium with brown-coloured diffusible pigment. This isolate showed growth in medium containing 8% NaCl, at pH 8–10 and at a temperature range of 27–45°C. Micromorphology and chemotaxonomic characteristics were consistent with its assignment to the genus Streptomyces. Analysis of 16S rDNA gene sequences showed that MN 9(V) formed a separate clade with Streptomyces cellulosae NRRLB-2889T and Streptomyces pseudogriseolus NRRL B-3288T being most closely related with a sequence similarity of 99%. However, a number of phenotypic characteristics readily distinguished the strain MN 9(V) from the type strains. The strain MN 9(V) showed strong antimicrobial activity against several test organisms, including multidrug resistant bacteria, as well as against fungal pathogens.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Berdy J (1989) The discovery of new bioactive microbial metabolites: screening and identification. In: Bushell ME, Grafe U (eds) Bioactive metabolites from microorganisms. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 3–25
Bevan P, Ryder H, Shaw I (1995) Identifying small molecule lead compounds: the screening approach to drug discovery. Trend Biotechnols 13:115–121
Cafaro M, Currie C (2005) Phylogenetic analysis of mutualistic filamentous bacteria associated with fungus-growing ants. Can J Microbiol 51:441–446
Currie CR, Scott JA, Summerbell RC, Malloch D (1999) Fungus growing ants use antibiotic-producing bacteria to control the garden parasites. Nature 398:701–704
Dhanasekaran D, Selvamani S, Panneerselvam A, Thajuddin (2009) Isolation and characterization of actinomycetes in Vellar Estuary, Annagkoil, Tamil Nadu. Afr J Biotechnol 8:4159–4162
Felsenstein J (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783–791
Goshi K, Uchida T, Lezhava A, Yamasaki M, Hiratsu K, Shinkawa H, Kinashi H (2002) Cloning and analysis of the telomere and terminal inverted repeat of the linear chromosome of Streptomyces griseus. J Bacteriol 184:3411–3415
Hayakawa M, Nonomura H (1987a) Humic acid-vitamin agar, a new medium for the selective isolation of soil actinomycetes. J Ferment Technol 65:501–509
Hayakawa M, Nonomura H (1987b) Efficacy of artificial humic acid as a selective nutrient in HV agar used for the isolation of soil actinomycetes. J Ferment Technol 65:609–616
Hayakawa M, Sadakata T, Kajiura T, Nonomura H (1991) New methods for the highly selective isolation of Micromonospora and Microbispora from soil. J Ferment Bioeng 72:320–326
Hayakawa M, Takeuchi T, Yamazaki T (1996) Combined use of trimethoprim with nalidixic acid for the selective isolation of actinomycetes from soil. Actinomycetologica 10:80–90
IMTECH (1998) Laboratory manual for identification of actinomycetes. Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, pp 44–46
Inglis GD, Sigler L, Goette MS (1993) Aerobic microorganisms associated with alfalfa leafcutter bees Megachile rotundata. Microb Ecol 26:125–143
Jukes TH, Cantor CR (1969) Evolution of protein molecules. In: Munro HN (ed) Mammalian protein metabolism. Academic, New York, pp 21–132
Kim SB, Goodfellow M (2002) Streptomyces thermospinisporus sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic carboxydotrophic streptomycete isolated from soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1225–1228
Kim SB, Falconer C, Williams E, Goodfellow M (1998) Streptomyces thermocarboxydovorans sp. nov. and Streptomyces thermocarboxydus sp. nov., two moderately thermophillic carboxydotrophic species from soil. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:59–68
Kim HJ, Lee C, Huang BK (2006) Streptomyces cheonanensis sp. nov., a novel streptomycete with antifungal activity. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:471–475
Kokare CR, Mahadik KR, Kadam SS, Chopade BA (2004) Isolation, characterization and antimicrobial activity of marine halophilic Actonopolyspora species AH1 from the West coast of India. Curr Sci 86:593–597
Kumar V, Bharti A, Gusain O, Bisht GS (2010) An improved method for isolation of genomic DNA from filamentous actinomycetes. J Sci Eng Technol Manage 2:10–13
Kumar V, Bharti A, Gusain O, Bisht GS (2011) Scanning electron microscopy of Streptomyces without use of any chemical fixatives. Scanning. doi:10.1002/sca.20261
Locci R (1989) Streptomyces and related genera. In: Williams ST, Sharp ME, Holt JG (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 4. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 2451–2506
Manam RR, Teisa S, White DJ, Nicholson B, Neuteboom ST, Lam KS, Mosca DA, Lloyd GK, Potts BC (2005) Lajollamycin, a nitro-tetraenespiro-beta-lactone-gamma-lactum antibiotic from the marine actinomycetes Streptomyces nodosus. J Nat Prod 68:204–243
Manfio GP, Atalan E, Zakrzewska-Czerwinska J, Mordarski M, Rodrıguez C, Collins MD, Goodfellow M (2003) Classification of novel soil streptomycetes as Streptomyces aureus sp. nov., Streptomyces laceyi sp. nov. and Streptomyces sanglieri sp. nov. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 83:245–255
Mathpal V, Bisht GS (2007) Antibacterial activity of actinomycetes isolated from foothill of Shivalik range, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Indian Forester 133:1123–1127
Mitra A, Santra SC, Mukherjee J (2008) Distribution of actinomycetes, their antagonistic behaviour and the physico chemical characteristics of the world’s largest tidal mangrove forest. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 80:685–695
Mukku VJ, Speitling M, Laatsch H, Helmke E (2000) New butenolides from two marine streptomycetes. J Nat Prod 63:1570–1572
Poulsen M, Cafaro MJ, Erhardt DP, Little AEF, Gerardo NM et al (2010) Variation in Pseudonocardia antibiotic defense helps govern parasite-induced morbidity in the fungus-growing ant-microbe symbiosis. Environ Microbiol Rep 2:534–540
Poulsen M, Oh D-C, Clardy J, Currie CR (2011) Chemical analyses of wasp-associated Streptomyces bacteria reveal a prolific potential for natural products discovery. PLoS One 6:e16763. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016763
Promnuan Y, Kudo T, Chantawannakul P (2009) Actinomycetes isolated from beehives in Thailand. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 25:1685–1689
Radhakrishnan M, Suganya S, Balagurunathan R, Kumar V (2010) Preliminary screening for antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity of actinomycetes from less explored ecosystems. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 26:561–566
Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425
Scott JJ, Oh DC, Yuceer MC, Klepzig KD, Clardy J, Currie CR (2008) Bacterial protection of beetle-fungus mutualism. Science 322:63
Shirling EB, Gottlieb D (1966) Methods for characterization of Streptomyces species. Int J Syst Bacteriol 16:313–340
Srivibool R, Jaidee K, Sukchotiratana M, Tokuyama S, Wasu Pathom-aree W (2010) Taxonomic characterization of Streptomyces strain CH54-4 isolated from mangrove sediment. Ann Microbiol 60:299–305
Stackebrandt E, Ebers J (2006) Taxonomic parameters revisited: tarnished gold standards. Microbiol Today 2006:152–155
Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S (2007) MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol 24:1596–1599
Thompson JD, Higgins DG, Gibson TJ (1994) CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighing, position specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res 22:4673–4680
Thumar JT, Dhulia K, Singh SP (2010) Isolation and partial purification of an antimicrobial agent from halotolerant alkaliphilic Streptomyces aburaviensis strain Kut-8. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 26:2081–2087
Watve MG, Tickoo R, Jog MM, Bhole BD (2001) How many antibiotics are produced by the genus Streptomyces? Arch Microbiol 176:386–390
Wayne LG, Brenner DJ, Colwell RR, Grimont PAD, Kandler O, Krichevsky MI, Moore LH, Moore WEC, Murray RGE, Stackebrandt E, Starr MP, Trüper HG (1987) International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Report of the adhoc committee on the reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematic. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:463–464
Williams ST, Sharpe ME, Holt JG (1989) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 4. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore
Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology (UCOST), Government of Uttarakhand, India (File No. UCS &T/R&D/LS/06-07/1158) for providing financial support, and to the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun, India for providing scanning electron microscopy facilities. We are also thankful to Dr. Amit Ghosh, NASI Platinum Jubilee Senior Scientist, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (Indian Council of Medical Research), Kolkata, India for valuable suggestions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
ESM 1
(DOC 41 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kumar, V., Bharti, A., Negi, Y.K. et al. Taxonomy and antimicrobial activity of moderately salt-tolerant and alkaliphilic Streptomyces sp. MN 9(V) isolated from solitary wasp mud nest. Ann Microbiol 62, 979–985 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-011-0337-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-011-0337-z