Differential termiticidal effects of Spondiathus preussii Engl. var preussii extracts on Vitex doniana wood

  • Gabriel Adetoye Adedeji
  • Adekunle Tajudeen Oladele
  • Adedapo Ayo Aiyeloja
  • Taiwo Olayemi Elufioye
  • Edith Omasirichi Elenwo
Original Article
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Abstract

Certain elements and compounds of biological importance are sequestered by many pesticidal plants, and are of global interest for wood protection. While manifold studies have demonstrated the protective properties of these elements and compounds, little is known about Spondiathus preussii (SP) biological activity and its closely related responsible chemicals. In this study, the leaf extract (LE) and stem bark extract (SBE) from SP, an ethnomedicinal plant reputed as rodenticidal agent in Nigeria were investigated to ascertain their termiticidal effects on Vitex doniana wood. Total contents of toxic elements (Al, As, B, Cd, Cr, Cl−, Cu, Hg, I, Pb, Si and Zn) and compounds (alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, saponins and tannins) of wood protection concerns were measured in LE and SBE of SP. Four extracts’ concentrations of SP LE and SBE in 1 L of 50% ethanol, including solvent alone (0%) and water (control) were developed to treat V. doniana wood samples. Extracts treated wood samples were evaluated for the levels of field termiticidal effects after 4 months using visual rating and weight loss techniques. Extract yields of leaf (1.66 ± 0.02%, n = 2) and stem bark (1.84 ± 0.08, n = 2) were significantly not different. Concentrations of all the metals and compounds were significantly higher in leaf compared to those in stem bark. Both LE and SBE showed better significant acceptable wood protection profile at 20% concentration. In all, LE remarkably exhibited higher differential termiticidal effects than those of SBE. These findings support further wide scope study on the biological activity of SP grown under varying ecological conditions in Nigeria against wood pests, and development of SP-based biocides for wood treatment.

Keywords

SP elements and compounds Termiticidal effects Nigerian ethnomedicinal plant Vitex doniana wood Protective properties 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

We acknowledge; Mr. A. Alex for his assistance in SP collection, Mr. A. C. Egubogo for statistical advice, and Department of Forest Resources Management, University of Ibadan for providing wood samples.

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Copyright information

© Indian Academy of Wood Science 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Gabriel Adetoye Adedeji
    • 1
  • Adekunle Tajudeen Oladele
    • 1
  • Adedapo Ayo Aiyeloja
    • 1
  • Taiwo Olayemi Elufioye
    • 2
  • Edith Omasirichi Elenwo
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Forestry and Wildlife ManagementUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
  2. 2.Department of PharmacognosyUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria

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