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Temporomandibular Disorder Signs, Occlusal Support, and Craniofacial Structure Changes Among the Elderly Vietnamese

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of study was to determine the association between signs of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), occlusal support, and alterations in the craniofacial structure of elderly Vietnamese by using cephalometric analysis.

Methods

The cross-sectional study consisted of 244 participants aged 65–74 years. Participants were examined for signs of TMD, including limited mouth opening, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) crepitus, TMJ tenderness, and muscle tenderness. Dentition was divided into four occlusal support zones based on occluding pairs of posterior teeth by using Eichner’s classification: Class A = 4 support zones; Class B = 1–3 support zones or only contact in anterior teeth; Class C = 0 support zones. Fifteen angular and seven linear parameters were used for sagittal craniofacial skeleton analysis.

Results

10.3% of participants had limited mouth opening, 49.6% TMJ crepitus, 16.3% TMJ tenderness, and 24.2% muscle tenderness; 45.5% had Class A occlusal support, 38.5% Class B, and 16.0% Class C. Those with Class C had significantly smaller ramus inclination, articular angle, and angles formed by the mandibular plane and shorter facial height compared to Class A and Class B (P < .001). TMD signs were significantly associated with: angles formed by mandibular plane, gonial angle, cranial base angle, effective mandibular length, and anterior facial height (P < .05).

Conclusions

The alteration of craniofacial structures was significantly associated with TMD signs among elderly Vietnamese. The higher number of lost occlusal support zones, the more significant the changes to craniofacial structures.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by an Estonian Science Foundation Grant (No. 9255), the Estonian Research Council Grant IUT 20–46, and the European Social Fund’s Doctoral Studies and Internationalisation Programme DoRa, which is carried out by Archimedes Foundation. The authors would also like to thank the Unimed United Clinics, Estonia, for their support in analyzing occlusion.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Dentistry, University of Tartu, 6 Raekoja Plats, 51003, Tartu, Estonia

    Minh Son Nguyen, Mare Saag, Ülle Voog-Oras & Triin Jagomägi

  2. Department of Prosthodontics, Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, 99 Hung Vuong, Danang, 550000, Vietnam

    Minh Son Nguyen

  3. Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 06 Ngo Quyen, Hue, 530000, Vietnam

    Toai Nguyen

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  1. Minh Son Nguyen
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  2. Mare Saag
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Correspondence to Minh Son Nguyen.

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Nguyen, M.S., Saag, M., Voog-Oras, Ü. et al. Temporomandibular Disorder Signs, Occlusal Support, and Craniofacial Structure Changes Among the Elderly Vietnamese. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg. 17, 362–371 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-017-1057-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-017-1057-0

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