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Olfactory response of the ladybird beetle Stethorus gilvifrons to two preys and herbivore-induced plant volatiles

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Abstract

The spider mites Tetranychus urticae Koch and Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Tetranychidae) cause severe economic losses to vegetable farms and deciduous fruit orchards in Turkey. One of their predators, the ladybird beetle Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.) (Col., Coccinellidae), aggregates on mite-infested patches of plants. The present study assessed whether there is a role for herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) and/or odors emitted directly from these two mite species in the aggregative response of ladybird beetles. The olfactory responses of the predator females to volatiles from T. urticae- and/or P. ulmi-infested sweet pepper (four cultivars, viz. ‘Demre’, ‘Yalova Carliston’, ‘Kandil Dolma’ and ‘Yag Biberi’), kidney bean (cv. ‘Barbunya’) and apple (M9 rootstock) were investigated using a two-choice olfactometer. Our results showed that HIPVs emitted from both T. urticae- and P. ulmi-infested plants significantly attracted S. gilvifrons adults for all plants except the sweet pepper cv. Yag Biberi. In addition, it was found that volatiles from apple plants infested by T. urticae and, especially, P. ulmi are more attractive for S. gilvifrons females than those emitted by other infested plants. The results also suggest that the odors of T. urticae adults and their products might influence the attraction of S. gilvifrons females.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Uludag University Scientific Research Project Unit—Turkey (Projects Grant No. Z-2008/16) for financial assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Uludag University, Gorukle Campus, Bursa, 16059, Turkey

    Nimet Sema Gencer, Nabi Alper Kumral & Melis Seidi

  2. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Uludag University, Gorukle Campus, Bursa, 16059, Turkey

    H. Ozkan Sivritepe & Bulent Senturk

  3. Bursa Province Directorate of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hürriyet, Bursa, 16170, Turkey

    Hilal Susurluk

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  1. Nimet Sema Gencer
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  2. Nabi Alper Kumral
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Correspondence to Nabi Alper Kumral.

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Sema Gencer, N., Alper Kumral, N., Sivritepe, H.O. et al. Olfactory response of the ladybird beetle Stethorus gilvifrons to two preys and herbivore-induced plant volatiles. Phytoparasitica 37, 217–224 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-009-0032-9

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