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Pycnophyidae (Kinorhyncha: Allomalorhagida) from the Gulf of Mexico: Fujuriphyes viserioni sp. nov. and a redescription of Leiocanthus langi (Higgins, 1964), with notes on its intraspecific variation

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Abstract

Fujuriphyes viserioni sp. nov. is described from the Gulf of Mexico. The new species is characterized by the scarcity of laterodorsal setae, and the abundance of ventrolateral setae, which are present on segments 1, 3–8, and 10, with two pairs on segment 5 and one pair on the remaining segments. Moreover, Fujuriphyes viserioni sp. nov. is recognized by the general absence of middorsal specializations along the trunk and the lack of ventral tubes on segment 2 in males. Type material of Leiocanthus langi (Higgins, 1964) and L. fimbriatus (Higgins, 1982) and additional specimens of L. langi collected from the Gulf of Mexico were furthermore studied in detail. Their examination revealed that L. fimbriatus is a junior synonym of L. langi, a species with an unusually high intraspecific variation in its morphology. Identification keys to all known species of Fujuriphyes and Leiocanthus are provided together with emended diagnoses for both genera.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the staff and students of Troy University (TU) for help with sediment collection and laboratory work. In addition, our thanks go to the researchers at the NMFS/NOAA Pascagoula lab and to Clint Edds at the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries lab at Grand Isle for their help with sediment collection, to Phillip Randsø (NHMD) for his help with sediment collection in Louisiana, to Dr. Steve Ramroop and Randall Bassham (TU) for providing Fig. 1, and to Dr. Jon Norenburg and the staff at MSC, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, for loaning us specimens of Leiocanthus.

Funding

This study was funded by the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (funding source: Year 3–5 Investigator Grants, RFP-II). Additional funding was provided by the ALFA insurance company and Troy University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Nuria Sánchez

  2. Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Centre Bretagne, REM/EEP/LEP, ZI de la pointe du diable, CS10070, 29280, Plouzané, France

    Nuria Sánchez

  3. Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Martin V. Sørensen

  4. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Troy University, 210A MSCX, Troy, AL, 36082, USA

    Stephen C. Landers

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  1. Nuria Sánchez
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Correspondence to Nuria Sánchez.

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All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed by the authors.

Sampling and field studies

All necessary permits for sampling and observational field studies have been obtained by the authors from the competent authorities and are mentioned in the acknowledgements, if applicable.

Data availability

Data are publicly available through the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Information and Data Cooperative (GRIIDC) at https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org (doi: https://doi.org/10.7266/N74J0C32 and https://doi.org/10.7266/N7W66HTS).

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Communicated by S. Gollner

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Sánchez, N., Sørensen, M.V. & Landers, S.C. Pycnophyidae (Kinorhyncha: Allomalorhagida) from the Gulf of Mexico: Fujuriphyes viserioni sp. nov. and a redescription of Leiocanthus langi (Higgins, 1964), with notes on its intraspecific variation. Mar Biodiv 49, 1857–1875 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-019-00947-x

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