Study of irrigation and crop water requirements and growth of two Rabi crops grown in a semi arid region using agrometeorology and remote sensing

Research Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Irrigation water requirements of wheat and mustard crops grown in Western Yamuna Canal Command area were estimated using FAO model CROPWAT with the help of agrometeorological and remote sensing data (1986–1998 and 2008). The variations in irrigation water requirements of these two crops were judged by calculating coefficient of Variations (CVs) of yearly data. Crop coefficient values were obtained through FAO (1993) method. Supervised Maximum Likelihood Classification (MXL) of IRS 1B image was done to estimate area under wheat and mustard in the canal command. Water need was calculated from amount of supply and water requirement for the whole area. Results showed that ETcrop values of both wheat and mustard varied very little over different years (CVs 4.7% and 5.6% respectively). Irrigation water requirements of both these crops were having relatively large variations (CVs 14.1% and 22.6% respectively) which were mainly because of high variations of their effective rainfall (CVs 61.1% and 69.2% respectively). In general, increase in amount of irrigation enhanced the growth performance of the wheat crop. Increase in distribution equity within soil associations slightly improved the growth performance of the wheat crop. Agro-climatic data merged with satellite image approximated the deficiency of applied irrigation amount (549.5 ha-m for wheat and 692.7 ha-m for mustard) as compared to requirement.

Keywords

Irrigaton water requirement MXL classification Effective rainfall 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Abernethy CL (1986) Performance measurement in canal water management. Int. Irrig. Management Institute, paper, 86/2dGoogle Scholar
  2. Ajay, Gopalan AKS and Kamat DS (1985) Discrimination of winter crops using temporal spectral profiles. Int J Remote Sensing 6(9): 1575–1580CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Ali MS, Hussain MA, Asghar M and Hussein G (1973) Studies on consumptive use of water by crops. Bull IDFCR Council 3: 49–60Google Scholar
  4. Anonymous (2009). In: http://www.hisar.nic.in
  5. Ashgar AG and Ahmad ND (1962) Irrigation requirement and consumptive use of water in West Pakistan. Pak J Science 14:4Google Scholar
  6. Burman D (1995) Studies on crop discrimination and crop response to water management using optical and microwave Remote Sensing Techniques and Geographical Information System. Ph.D. Thesis, Division of Ag. Physics, IARI, New Delhi, 90 p.Google Scholar
  7. Blaney HF and Criddle WD (1957) Report on Irrigation Water Requirements for Pakistan. Bull IDFCR Council 3:2Google Scholar
  8. Christriansen JE (1942) Hydraulics of sprinkler system for irrigation. Trans American Soc Civil Eng 107: 221–229Google Scholar
  9. FAO (1974) Effective rainfall. Irrigation and Drainage paper, no. 25, FAO, RomeGoogle Scholar
  10. FAO (1993) Climwat for Cropwat. FAO irrigation and drainage paper; no. 46 and 49; FAO, RomeGoogle Scholar
  11. Jhorar LR, Jagannath and Dahiya IS (1991) Irrigation requirement of wheat crop under shallow water table conditions for Hissar Tract in Haryana. J Ind Soc Soil Sci 39(1):32–36Google Scholar
  12. Kaushal RK, Tyagi NK, Sewa Ram and Bhirud S (1992) Diagnostic analysis of tertiary canal water delivery system and approaches to improved management. Ind J Agril Eng 2:47–53Google Scholar
  13. Khan GM and Agarwal SK (1985) Influence of sowing methods, moisture stress and N levels on growth, yield components and seed yield of mustard. Ind J Agril Sci 55: 324–332Google Scholar
  14. Letey J, Dinar A, Woodring C and Oster JD (1990) An economic analysis of irrigation systems. Irrig Sci 11:37–43CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. Malavia DD, Patel JC and Vyas MN (1988) Studies on irrigation, N and P levels on growth and yield of mustard. Ind J Agron 33(3): 245–248Google Scholar
  16. Menenti M, Visser TNM, Morabito JA and Drovandi A (1989) Appraisal of Irrigation performance with satellite data and georeferenced information. In: Irrigation Theory and Practice. Pentech Press, London. pp. 785–801Google Scholar
  17. Moran MS (1992) Using satellites and aircraft for farm irrigation management in Arizona. FAO water report, no. 2, FAO, RomeGoogle Scholar
  18. M/S Hunting Technical Services, Ltd (1966) Lower Indus Project. Main Report p.322Google Scholar
  19. Rao VV, Nayak AK, Kumar P and Chakraborty AK (1995) Agricultural cropland inventory and assessment of water resources for water management in an irrigation command area-a case study. ISRS Silver Jubilee Symp., 1994–95, pp. 282–289Google Scholar
  20. Raut S, Sarma KSS and Das, DK (2001) Evaluation of irrigation Management in a canal command area based on agrometeorology and remote sensing. J Ind Soc Remote Sensing 29(4): 225–228CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Sampath RK (1991) A Rawlsian evaluation of irrigation distribution in India. Water Research Bulletin 27: 745–751Google Scholar
  22. Seginer I (1987) Spatial water distribution in sprinkler irrigation Adv. Irrigation 4:119Google Scholar
  23. Singh S, Bandyopadhyay SK and Singh NP (1991) Response of wheat to irrigation under shallow and deep groundwater table situations. Indian Journal of Agronomy 36(2): 188–193Google Scholar
  24. Singh GB and Singh DN (1959) In: Irrigation of Agricultural lands (Hegan et al eds), Amer Soc Agron, Agronomy II, WisconsinGoogle Scholar
  25. Theils H (1966) In: Applied Economic Forecasting. North Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, HollandGoogle Scholar
  26. Tomar S, Tomar S and Singh S (1992) Effect of irrigation and fertility levels on growth and yield of mustard (Brassica juncea). Ind J Agron 37(1): 76–78Google Scholar
  27. Wallach R (1990) Effective irrigation uniformity as related to root zone Depth. Irrig Sci 11:15–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. Yusuf M (1973) Effect of frequencies and timing of irrigation on growth, yield and quality of safflower, mustard and linseed. Ph.D. Thesis, IARI, New DelhiGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2010

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Water Technology Center for Eastern RegionBhubaneswarIndia
  2. 2.Division of Agricultural PhysicsIARINew DelhiIndia

Personalised recommendations