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Energiedranken en alcohol

Een gevaar voor de jeugd

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Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde

Samenvatting

De afgelopen jaren stijgt het aantal alcoholintoxicaties onder jongeren sterk, daarnaast hebben jongeren met een alcoholintoxicatie een steeds hoger alcoholpromillage. Tot nu toe is niet duidelijk welke factoren hierbij een rol spelen. In het uitgaansleven is het een trend om alcohol samen met energiedranken te drinken.

Energiedranken bevatten als belangrijkste ingrediënt een hoge concentratie cafeïne. Er blijkt interactie te zijn tussen alcohol en cafeïne wat betreft het metabolisme; een hoge(re) alcoholspiegel leidt tot vertraging in de afbraak van cafeïne. Ook op receptorniveau is er interactie, cafeïne blokkeert als adenosineantagonist verschijnselen veroorzaakt door alcohol zoals coördinatiestoornissen. Studies laten zien dat energiedranken een rol spelen bij het ontstaan van alcoholintoxicaties bij jongeren doordat zij het sederende effect van alcohol verminderen. Gezien de risico’s moet het gebruik van energiedranken door jongeren < 18 jaar ontraden worden, zeker in combinatie met alcohol.

Summary

In recent years, an increasing number of adolescents is seen because of an ethanol intoxication. The mean blood ethanol concentration in this group is rising in the past years. Until now it is unclear what factors play a role in the increasing number of ethanol intoxications and the increasing levels. It is a trend in nightlife to mix alcohol with energy drinks. The main ingredient of energy drinks is caffeine in a high concentration. There is interaction between caffeine and alcohol concerning the metabolism of both, a higher blood ethanol concentration inhibits the metabolism of caffeine. Caffeine, as an adenosine-antagonist, blocks the coordination disorders caused by ethanol. Energy drinks may be an important factor in the development of an ethanol intoxication. Because of this effect, the use of energy drinks by adolescents under the age of 18, alone or in combination with alcohol, must be discouraged.

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Correspondence to I.M.C. Vogel-Gramsbergen.

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Auteurs

Drs. Isabelle M.C. Vogel-Gramsbergen, kinderarts, Elker jeugd- en opvoedhulp, Groningen. Drs. Rolf A.A. Pelleboer, kinderarts, Catharina Ziekenhuis, Eindhoven. Dr. Boudien C.T. Flapper, kinderarts sociale pediatrie, prof.dr. Pieter J.J. Sauer, hoogleraar kindergeneeskunde, UMCG, Beatrix Kinderziekenhuis, Groningen.

Correspondentieadres: Drs. I.M.C. Vogel-Gramsbergen, Elker jeugd- en opvoedhulp, Postbus 274, 9700 AG Groningen, i.vogel@elker.nl.

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Vogel-Gramsbergen, I., Pelleboer, R., Flapper, B. et al. Energiedranken en alcohol. TIJDSCHR. KINDERGENEESKUNDE 82, 199–203 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12456-014-0041-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12456-014-0041-6

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