The Cerebellum

, Volume 15, Issue 4, pp 417–424 | Cite as

Commentary on “The Cerebellar System and What it Signifies from a Biological Perspective: A Communication by Christofredo Jakob (1866–1956) Before the Society of Neurology and Psychiatry of Buenos Aires, December 1938”

  • Anny Tzouma
  • Daniel S. Margulies
  • Lazaros C. Triarhou
Cerebellar Classics XII
First Online:

Abstract

This commentary highlights a “cerebellar classic” by a pioneer of neurobiology, Christfried Jakob. Jakob discussed the connectivity between the cerebellum and mesencephalic, diencephalic, and telencephalic structures in an evolutionary, developmental, and histophysiological perspective. He proposed three evolutionary morphofunctional stages, the archicerebellar, paleocerebellar, and neocerebellar; he attributed the reduced cerebellospinal connections in humans, compared to other primates, to the perfection of the rubrolenticular and thalamocortical systems and the intense ascending pathways to the red nucleus in exchange for the more elementary descending efferent pathways. Jakob hypothesized the convergence of cerebellar pathways in associative cortical regions, insisting on the intimate collaboration of the cerebellum with the frontal lobe. The extensive lines of communication between regions throughout the association cortex substantiate Jakob’s intuition and begin to outline the mechanisms for substantial cerebellar involvement in functions beyond the purely motor domain. Atop a foundation of anatomical and phylogenetic mastery, Jakob conceived ideas that were noteworthy, timely, and have much relevance to our current thinking on cerebellar structure and function.

Keywords

Cerebellar histophysiology Ontogeny Phylogeny History of neuroscience 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments, which have led to an improved manuscript; the Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preussischer Kulturbesitz zu Berlin; Universitätsbibliothek Kiel; Ruth Lilly Medical Library of Indiana University in Indianapolis; University of Michigan Library in Ann Arbor; the Library of Congress; and the National Library of Medicine of the United States for bibliographic sources.

Conpliance with Ethical Standards

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • Anny Tzouma
    • 1
  • Daniel S. Margulies
    • 2
  • Lazaros C. Triarhou
    • 3
  1. 1.Graduate Program in Neuroscience and EducationUniversity of MacedoniaThessalonicaGreece
  2. 2.Research Group for Neuroanatomy and ConnectivityMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
  3. 3.Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Neuroscience and Graduate Program in Neuroscience and EducationUniversity of MacedoniaThessalonicaGreece

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