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Phytotoxicity and antifungal properties of the essential oil from the Juniperus polycarpos var. turcomanica (B. Fedsch.) R.P. Adams leaves

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Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the constituents, in vitro antifungal activity and phytotoxicity potential of the essential oil from Juniperus polycarpos var. turcomanica leaves. The essential oil was analyzed by GC–FID, and GC/MS, which predominantly contains α-pinene (51.21%), germacrene–B (4.80%), and ∆-cadinene (2.56%). The antifungal activity of the essential oil against some phytopathogenic fungi, including Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum trichellum, Curvularia fallax, Cytospora sacchari, Fusarium oxysporum, and Macrophomina phaseolina was performed through disk diffusion and agar dilution assays. The essential oil of J. polycarpos var. turcomanica had high antifungal activity against tested phytopathogenic fungi. The most susceptible fungi to the essential oil were C. trichellum in agar dilution and M. phaseolina and C. fallax in disk diffusion methods, whereas, the most resistant fungus to the essential oil was obtained from A. alternata in both assays. Screening methods had an influence on antifungal activity of the essential oil as most of the tested fungi in this study were shown to be more resistant in disc diffusion methods. According to the phytotoxic assay results, the essential oil from J. polycarpos var. turcomanica had high phytotoxicity against three species of weeds, including P. oleracea L., A. retroflexus L., and D. stramonium L. The results of this research suggest that the herbicidal and antifungal activities of the essential oil from J. polycarpos var. turcomanica can be attributed to its major group of constituents, monoterpenes hydrocarbons.

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Abbreviations

EO:

Essential oil

GC:

Gas chromatography

GC–MS:

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

FID:

Flame ionization detector

PDA:

Potato dextrose agar

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Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate Alice Bouchard from Department of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Canada due to editing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1163, Mashhad, Iran

    Leila Mehdizadeh & Mohammad Moghaddam

  2. Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Science, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan

    Parisa Taheri

  3. Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-Qods, Tehran, Iran

    Abdullah Ghasemi Pirbalouti

Authors
  1. Leila Mehdizadeh
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  2. Parisa Taheri
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  3. Abdullah Ghasemi Pirbalouti
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  4. Mohammad Moghaddam
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Correspondence to Mohammad Moghaddam.

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Mehdizadeh, L., Taheri, P., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A. et al. Phytotoxicity and antifungal properties of the essential oil from the Juniperus polycarpos var. turcomanica (B. Fedsch.) R.P. Adams leaves. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 26, 759–771 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-020-00776-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-020-00776-4

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